Hack The Sec-Leading Resource Of Linux Tutorial: Ubuntu-16.04

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<span style="color: #990000; font-size: large;"><u>Install Nginx <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Mysql">MySQL</a> PHP (LEMP Stack) on Ubuntu 16.04</u></span></h1>
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<span style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: 28px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">LEMP (Linux, Nginx, MySQL and PHP )</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"> Stack is the most popular environment in PHP website development and hosting. Linux is the operating system, Apache is the popular web server developed by Apache Foundation. <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Mysql">MySQL </a>is relational database management system used for storing data and <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/PHP">PHP </a>is an development language.</span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #0b5394;"><u>Step 1 – Install PHP</u></span></b></div>
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PHP 7 is the default available packages in <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Ubuntu">Ubuntu</a> 16.04 repositories. Simply use the following commands to update apt cache and install PHP packages on your system.</div>
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<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;">$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install php php-fpm</span></pre>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Verify installed PHP version using following command.</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;">root@hackthesec:~$ php -v

PHP 7.0.4-7ubuntu2 (cli) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2016 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.0.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2016 Zend Technologies
    with Zend OPcache v7.0.6-dev, Copyright (c) 1999-2016, by Zend Technologies</pre>
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<b><u><span style="color: #0b5394;">Step 2 – Install NGINX</span></u></b></div>
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Use the following commands to install Nginx web server on your Ubuntu 16.04 LTS server.</div>
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<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;">$ sudo apt install nginx</span></pre>
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<b style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><u><span style="color: #0b5394;">Step 3 : </span></u></b><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Install MySQL</u></b></span></span></div>
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Install mysql-server packages for MySQL database and install php-mysql package to use MySQL support using php. </div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;">$ sudo apt install mysql-server php-mysql</span></pre>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Installer will prompt for root password, This password will work for your MySQL root user. After installing MySQL execute following command for initial settings of MySQL server. You will she that script will prompt about more settings than earlier mysql versions like password validation policy etc.</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;">$ sudo mysql_secure_installation</span></pre>
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<b style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><u><span style="color: #0b5394;">Step 4 : </span></u></b><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Configure PHP-FPM</u></b></span></span></div>
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PHP-FPM (FastCGI Process Manager) is an alternative PHP FastCGI implementation with some additional features.</div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;">$ sudo nano /etc/php/7.0/fpm/php.ini</span></pre>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><b>un-comment cgi.fix_pathinfo=1 line and set value to 0.</b></span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, Courier New, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 25.7143px;">cgi.fix_pathinfo=0</span></span></pre>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Now set the listen parameter in /etc/php/7.0/fpm/pool.d/www.conf configuration file. Here you can use php5-fpm socket to work or start php5-fpm server on any port as service. We are going to use it as service.</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;">$ sudo nano /etc/php/7.0/fpm/pool.d/www.conf</span></pre>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Now make changes in configuration file as below. Commend listen with socket file and enable it as service</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, Courier New, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 25.7143px;">; listen = /run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000</span></span></pre>
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<b><u><span style="color: #0b5394;">Step 5 — Configure Nginx VirtualHost</span></u></b></div>
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Configuration of Nginx virtualhost. For this example we are editing default configuration file.</div>
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<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, Courier New, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 25.7143px;">server {
        listen   80;

root /var/www;
        index index.php index.html index.htm;
        server_name  example.com www.example.com;

location / {
                try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
        }

error_page 404 /404.html;
        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
              root /usr/share/nginx/www;
        }

location ~ .php$ {
                try_files $uri =404;
                fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
                fastcgi_index index.php;
                fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
                include fastcgi_params;
        }
}</span></span></pre>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">You have to do the same changes in all VirtualHosts configured.</span></span></div>
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<b><u><span style="color: #0b5394;">Step 6 – Restart Services</span></u></b></div>
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After installing all services on your system, start all required services.</div>
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<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;">$ sudo systemctl restart nginx.service
$ sudo systemctl restart php7.0-fpm.service</span></pre>
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<b><u><span style="color: #0b5394;">Step 7 – Open Access in Firewall</span></u></b></div>
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If you are using iptables, Use following commands to open port 80 for public access of webserver.</div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;">$ sudo iptables -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT</span></pre>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Or If you are Using </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b>UFW </b>then command bellow.</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;">$ sudo ufw allow 80/tcp</span></pre>
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<b><u><span style="color: #0b5394;">Step 8 – Test Setup</span></u></b></div>
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After completing all setup. Let's create a <b>info.php</b> file website document root with following content.</div>
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 phpinfo();
?></pre>
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