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How to Configure Squid 3.x as Transparent Proxy on CentOS 7 / RHEL 7

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<span style="color: red;">Configure Squid 3.x as Transparent Proxy on CentOS 7 / RHEL 7</span></h2>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">There are several benefits of using a transparent proxy. First of all, for end users, a transparent proxy can enhance their web browsing performance by caching frequently accessed web content, while introducing minimal configuration overhead for them. For administrators, it can be used to enforce various administrative policies such as content/URL/IP filtering, rate limiting, etc.</span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1VrRyKPmaAN8_k1ni3Alq0RVqEPZim4tvw83TXom35GD6ZGJrboNOHhJ97rT251n4G6I7iWctMMqdO5wN9jm5mrF3yErWGe65h2lNz-DioH6G_eOWTR2IFdWRyI2pi9EiwY8B7F-8CN0J/s1600/squid-installation-hackthesec.co.in.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1VrRyKPmaAN8_k1ni3Alq0RVqEPZim4tvw83TXom35GD6ZGJrboNOHhJ97rT251n4G6I7iWctMMqdO5wN9jm5mrF3yErWGe65h2lNz-DioH6G_eOWTR2IFdWRyI2pi9EiwY8B7F-8CN0J/s1600/squid-installation-hackthesec.co.in.jpg" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">A proxy server acts as an intermediary between a client and a destination server. The client sends requests to the proxy server which then evaluates the requests and takes necessary actions. In this tutorial, we will be setting up a web proxy server using Squid, which is a robust, customizable and stable proxy server. Personally, I had administered a Squid server with 400+ client workstations for about a year. Although I had to restart the service about once a month in average, CPU and storage utilization, throughput and client response time were all great.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Squid Installation and Configuration</u></b></span></span></div>
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<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-stretch: inherit; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Monaco, Courier New, DejaVu Sans Mono, Bitstream Vera Sans Mono, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap;"># yum install squid –y</span></span></pre>
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Edit squid configuration file</div>
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Before you edit default configuration file it is highly recommended to keep backup.</div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #363636; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-stretch: inherit; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Monaco, Courier New, DejaVu Sans Mono, Bitstream Vera Sans Mono, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap;"># cp /etc/squid/squid.conf /etc/squid/squid.conf.bk-26-05-2016</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Open configuration file and add below mentioned parameters</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-stretch: inherit; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Monaco, Courier New, DejaVu Sans Mono, Bitstream Vera Sans Mono, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap;"># vi /etc/squid/squid.conf</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Add transparent proxy setting and add and allow our network</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-stretch: inherit; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Monaco, Courier New, DejaVu Sans Mono, Bitstream Vera Sans Mono, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap;"># vi /etc/squid/squid.conf</span></span></pre>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-stretch: inherit; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Monaco, Courier New, DejaVu Sans Mono, Bitstream Vera Sans Mono, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap;"># Allow LAN Network
acl our_network src 192.168.2.0/24

# Allow Network ACL Allow/Deny Section#
http_access allow our_network

# Transparent Proxy Parameters
http_port 3128 intercept

visible_hostname pxy.hackthesec.co.in</span></span></pre>
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<div style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">
Save & Exit</div>
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Now start squid service and make sure it is added on startup.</div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #363636; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-stretch: inherit; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Monaco, Courier New, DejaVu Sans Mono, Bitstream Vera Sans Mono, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap;"># systemctl start squid
# systemctl enable squid</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Add necessary iptables rules to setup squid as transparent proxy.</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #363636; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-stretch: inherit; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Monaco, Courier New, DejaVu Sans Mono, Bitstream Vera Sans Mono, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap;">ptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to 192.168.2.100:3128
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port 3128
iptables --t nat -A POSTROUTING --out-interface eth1 -j MASQUERADE</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Now you can save your iptable rules by following command:</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #363636; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-stretch: inherit; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Monaco, Courier New, DejaVu Sans Mono, Bitstream Vera Sans Mono, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap;">service iptables save</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">That’s It, Now squid should work smoothly in transparent proxy mode.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">www.hackthesec.co.in</a></span></span></div>
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How to Configure Squid 3.x as Transparent Proxy on CentOS 7 / RHEL 7

Configure Squid 3.x as Transparent Proxy on CentOS 7 / RHEL 7 There are several benefits of using a transparent proxy. First of all, for...

How to Create a Bootable Ubuntu 16.04 USB Flash Drive

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<u><span style="color: red;">Bootable Ubuntu 16.04<span style="border: 0px; font-size: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">USB </span><span style="border: 0px; font-size: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Flash </span><span style="border: 0px; font-size: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Drive</span></span></u></h2>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">In the first step you need to know your system's type, Either it is 32-bit or 64-bit Architecture. use this command and check your System Type.</span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzOsa5yIU31WVpfc4MLAQFC3UymfiP42Bo_pqKKfJXl6PoHhJ3xZRB9T7GLKSX53Mb1Ylb3kJskPFRHFaql7sp22A0mJDLPvyxX7_bJu3tsIMHpwvL159m9s0MTDTCU8h8wW45p0vf4TOz/s1600/flash_drive_hackthesec.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzOsa5yIU31WVpfc4MLAQFC3UymfiP42Bo_pqKKfJXl6PoHhJ3xZRB9T7GLKSX53Mb1Ylb3kJskPFRHFaql7sp22A0mJDLPvyxX7_bJu3tsIMHpwvL159m9s0MTDTCU8h8wW45p0vf4TOz/s1600/flash_drive_hackthesec.jpg" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><div style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">
<u><b><span style="color: #0b5394;">Download Ubuntu 16.04 ISO File</span></b></u></div>
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As you can see in the above step my computer is 64-bit so i will Download Ubuntu 16.04 64-bit ISO File</div>
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<a href="http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop" target="_blank">Download<span style="color: #333333;">  </span></a><a class="arconix-button arconix-button-medium arconix-button-white" href="http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0% 0%, 0% 100%, from(rgb(255, 255, 255)), to(rgb(237, 237, 237))); background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 8px; border: 1px solid rgb(183, 183, 183); box-shadow: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.498039) 0px 1px 0px inset; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 10px; outline: none; padding: 6px 24px 7px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4) 0px -1px 1px; word-wrap: break-word;" target="_blank"><span style="color: red;">Light Table Installer (.deb)</span></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u><span style="color: #0b5394;">Download Universal USB Installer</span></u></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">After Ubuntu has finished downloading now we will move on to the next step which is downloading Universal USB Installer</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><a href="http://www.pendrivelinux.com/universal-usb-installer-easy-as-1-2-3/">Universal USB Installer</a> (Linux to USB Utility)</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Open Universal USB Installer & Follow the Screenshot instructions</span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnTcLE3HERSuhWa0bm4nmCaCMp1j6LsHgJft5b97PwPPAWzFVOUmDOXCqBpZaI8FGsgHXQPj1L1upJHaeYvn8oNNgyMROOig_1Jy7O8-eyfqxKU2W88h67DATWiLksriylq4wiYqspAqo9/s1600/selection_hackthesec.co.in.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnTcLE3HERSuhWa0bm4nmCaCMp1j6LsHgJft5b97PwPPAWzFVOUmDOXCqBpZaI8FGsgHXQPj1L1upJHaeYvn8oNNgyMROOig_1Jy7O8-eyfqxKU2W88h67DATWiLksriylq4wiYqspAqo9/s1600/selection_hackthesec.co.in.jpg" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Wait Until the File copy and format process completed after this process you are ready to GO !!</span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFsCizSWYLykEm_re31CDPUeEhGe8FV2L66LuJANsPFerg1lWWlWWsGRCZNpZv-YerjPQwSHSFFAz1HmSO3qKEaeJzENgznNFpr9w_8XVGbLO7N9CxZlXMzNwyCHN-Vy4_b7CCjGQEjn3v/s1600/installation_hackthesec.co.in.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFsCizSWYLykEm_re31CDPUeEhGe8FV2L66LuJANsPFerg1lWWlWWsGRCZNpZv-YerjPQwSHSFFAz1HmSO3qKEaeJzENgznNFpr9w_8XVGbLO7N9CxZlXMzNwyCHN-Vy4_b7CCjGQEjn3v/s1600/installation_hackthesec.co.in.jpg" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Process has been completed success you are now ready to launch <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Ubuntu" target="_blank">Ubuntu </a>from your</span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnZD9stoGDkV1x5k_rdqp5YaldpLls7K7WdKinHxDgMvHrOTGJ-hwUfmdOiWCxFMrql_RjBEXJYMIkSb35GI5dhpCoLw0VJ0jTvATswVRLQL7BBrDQvyCZp3l9RYbYRKs6Nwm3WmbYRIUQ/s1600/Installation_Complete_hackthesec.co.in.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnZD9stoGDkV1x5k_rdqp5YaldpLls7K7WdKinHxDgMvHrOTGJ-hwUfmdOiWCxFMrql_RjBEXJYMIkSb35GI5dhpCoLw0VJ0jTvATswVRLQL7BBrDQvyCZp3l9RYbYRKs6Nwm3WmbYRIUQ/s1600/Installation_Complete_hackthesec.co.in.jpg" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">www.hackthesec.co.in</a></div>
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How to Create a Bootable Ubuntu 16.04 USB Flash Drive

Bootable Ubuntu 16.04 USB Flash Drive In the first step you need to know your system's type, Either it is 32-bit or 64-bit Archite...

How to Install Light Table IDE in Ubuntu 16.04 via PPA

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<span style="color: red; font-size: large;"><u>Install Light Table IDE in Ubuntu 16.04 via PPA</u></span></h1>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Light Table is an integrated development environment for software engineering developed by Chris Granger and Robert Attorri. It features real-time feedback allowing instant execution, debugging and access to documentation. The instant feedback provides an unusual execution environment intended to help developing abstractions.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">The development team attempted to create a program which shows the programmer what the effects of their additions are in real-time, rather than requiring them to work out the effects as they write the code.Though the program began by only supporting Clojure, it has since aimed to support Python and JavaScript due to their popularity. The developers claim that the software can reduce programming time by up to 20%.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><div style="color: #333333;">
To make it easy to install Light Table IDE in Ubuntu, there’s now a PPA that contains an installer script, which automatically downloads the official Linux package from <a href="http://www.lighttable.com/">its website</a>, installs and creates a launcher shortcut in your system for better Ubuntu integration.</div>
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First download the script from the link:<a class="arconix-button arconix-button-medium arconix-button-white" href="http://ppa.launchpad.net/dr-akulavich/lighttable/ubuntu/pool/main/l/lighttable-installer/" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0% 0%, 0% 100%, from(rgb(255, 255, 255)), to(rgb(237, 237, 237))); background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 8px; border: 1px solid rgb(183, 183, 183); box-shadow: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.498039) 0px 1px 0px inset; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 10px; outline: none; padding: 6px 24px 7px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4) 0px -1px 1px; word-wrap: break-word;" target="_blank">Light Table Installer (.deb)</a></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><div style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">
Select download the package "lighttable-installer_xxx_amd64.deb", the click install via Ubuntu Software.</div>
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Or open terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and run command install the downloaded package. The script starts automatically after installation:</div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #363636; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-stretch: inherit; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Monaco, Courier New, DejaVu Sans Mono, Bitstream Vera Sans Mono, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap;">sudo dpkg -i ~/Downloads/lighttable-installer_*.deb</span></span></pre>
</div>
</span></div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmDuivbTlQSVQbo5ij17wY4yDZbO2_UYIU-kfi1eS9eSyyGZpRYvzBlPZ9z8CsZh1R5VWEoZ18EVyOkzFUJOt1hnVRAZ0Z5b9k7NjJrvK5emPPwkeHdLIDcT9nJey-ID3bHv-qORoapVdJ/s1600/light-table-installer_hackthesec.co.in.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmDuivbTlQSVQbo5ij17wY4yDZbO2_UYIU-kfi1eS9eSyyGZpRYvzBlPZ9z8CsZh1R5VWEoZ18EVyOkzFUJOt1hnVRAZ0Z5b9k7NjJrvK5emPPwkeHdLIDcT9nJey-ID3bHv-qORoapVdJ/s1600/light-table-installer_hackthesec.co.in.jpg" /></a></div>
<div>
If everything goes OK, you’ll be finally able to launch the IDE from Unity Dash, or other Application Launcher.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
(Optional) To receive future updates of Light Table along with other system updates, you may add the PPA repository so to get updates via Software Updater once a new release is made into PPA.</div>
</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #363636; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-stretch: inherit; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Monaco, Courier New, DejaVu Sans Mono, Bitstream Vera Sans Mono, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap;">sudo add-apt-repository ppa:dr-akulavich/lighttable</span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; white-space: normal;">
</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">You can then disable, remove, or edit the PPA via System Settings -> System -> Software & Updates -> Other Software.</span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">www.hackthesec.co.in</a></span></span></div>
</div>

How to Install Light Table IDE in Ubuntu 16.04 via PPA

Install Light Table IDE in Ubuntu 16.04 via PPA Light Table is an integrated development environment for software engineering developed...

How to Install KDE Plasma 5.6 in KUbuntu 16.04 via PPA

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<span style="color: red; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><u>Install KDE Plasma 5.6 in KUbuntu 16.04 via PPA</u></span></span><br />
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><div>
The Plasma Desktop 5.6 was finally made into <a href="https://launchpad.net/~kubuntu-ppa/+archive/ubuntu/backports">Kubuntu Backports PPA</a>, two months after its release date, available for upgrade in KUbuntu 16.04 LTS.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihwPFTD6NtaBnxxsQyNLacRrxDd_JrAtONLo4Lerby5bap51YPH3kByWAVA3KMIzGf1ja__O0B3j3Yr7YNxGgzDzusOhMpl1CfL9bpmuP8eD5bs19mDyhHV5ZnJ7Rmx6J4TjAMYiovAyRq/s1600/kubuntu_logo_hackthesec.co.in.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihwPFTD6NtaBnxxsQyNLacRrxDd_JrAtONLo4Lerby5bap51YPH3kByWAVA3KMIzGf1ja__O0B3j3Yr7YNxGgzDzusOhMpl1CfL9bpmuP8eD5bs19mDyhHV5ZnJ7Rmx6J4TjAMYiovAyRq/s1600/kubuntu_logo_hackthesec.co.in.png" /></a></div>
<div>
While Ubuntu 16.04 comes with Plasma 5.5, you can now upgrade to the latest Plasma 5.6.4 by following the steps blew one by one.</div>
</span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBS_14baC_emJ1-mK4-4QQbJfAD8vkszU7t0P5QC54wvhD1nfe9Jlkuy6Ob7Ujhpmdekf_U0FWcctf0fRhJa3ejxpyY6dt_vKHfjWE1WSBExFW0ANU4hFo78pnFvJmT10VHpjUyYVwzhZ1/s1600/plasma-5.6_hackthesec.co.in.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBS_14baC_emJ1-mK4-4QQbJfAD8vkszU7t0P5QC54wvhD1nfe9Jlkuy6Ob7Ujhpmdekf_U0FWcctf0fRhJa3ejxpyY6dt_vKHfjWE1WSBExFW0ANU4hFo78pnFvJmT10VHpjUyYVwzhZ1/s1600/plasma-5.6_hackthesec.co.in.jpg" /></a></div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white;"><div style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">
Add Kubuntu Backports PPA.</div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">
If you have not yet added the PPA, open terminal emulator, paste the command below and hit run:</div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 16.9px;">sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports</span></span></pre>
</div>
</span></div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white;"><div style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">
Then update your whole system via your update-manager.</div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">
Or run the commands below one by one in terminal:</div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 16.9px;">sudo apt update
sudo apt full-upgrade</span></span></pre>
</div>
</span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: red;"><b><span style="background-color: white; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Note : </span></span><span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">To revert the changes, purge the Kubuntu Backports PPA via ppa-purge which also downgrade Plasma Desktop to the stock version in Ubuntu 16.04.</span></span></b></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 16.9px;">sudo apt install ppa-purge && sudo ppa-purge ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports</span></span></pre>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 16.9px;">www.hackthesec.co.in</span></span></pre>
</div>
</div>

How to Install KDE Plasma 5.6 in KUbuntu 16.04 via PPA

Install KDE Plasma 5.6 in KUbuntu 16.04 via PPA The Plasma Desktop 5.6 was finally made into Kubuntu Backports PPA , two months after it...

How to Install Eclipse IDE on Ubuntu Linux 14.04

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h1 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; clear: both; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif, sans-serif; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="color: red; font-size: x-large;"><u>Install Eclipse IDE on Ubuntu Linux 14.04</u></span></h1>
<div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Eclipse is an integrated development environment (IDE) used in computer programming. It contains a base workspace and an extensible plug-in system for customizing the environment. Eclipse is written mostly in Java and its primary use is for developing <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Java">Java applications</a>, but it may also be used to develop applications in other programming languages through the use of plugins, </span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW7Es7qnLVozc5v0SPvAkDD-4HAjk-g9jeKVzpNz8pySU9KrcFX70Nx_2mymnbQnIkiPgVgbDAMkXyg4q2_zHAnV4SuXIeNi3A8nD4gvUjHCxrys2gc-hQ_aRDhjVt39JM2SrxBhDJmoTV/s1600/install-eclipse-ubuntu-hackthesec.co.in.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW7Es7qnLVozc5v0SPvAkDD-4HAjk-g9jeKVzpNz8pySU9KrcFX70Nx_2mymnbQnIkiPgVgbDAMkXyg4q2_zHAnV4SuXIeNi3A8nD4gvUjHCxrys2gc-hQ_aRDhjVt39JM2SrxBhDJmoTV/s1600/install-eclipse-ubuntu-hackthesec.co.in.jpg" /></a></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">including: Ada, ABAP, C, C++, COBOL, Fortran, Haskell, JavaScript, Julia,Lasso, Lua, NATURAL, Perl, PHP, Prolog, Python, R, Ruby (including Ruby on Rails framework), Rust, Scala, Clojure, Groovy, Scheme, and Erlang. It can also be used to develop packages for the software Mathematica. Development environments include the Eclipse Java development tools (JDT) for Java and Scala, Eclipse CDT for C/C++ and Eclipse PDT for PHP, among others.</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"> </span></div>
<div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/2016/05/how-to-install-eclipse-ide-on-ubuntu-15.html" style="background-color: white; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: x-large; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: red;">How to Install Eclipse IDE on Ubuntu Linux 15.04</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Eclipse needs java as pre-requisite , run following command to install java on your ubuntu 14.04 system.</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-stretch: inherit; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Monaco, Courier New, DejaVu Sans Mono, Bitstream Vera Sans Mono, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap;">sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white;"><div style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">
once the java installation is complete, <a href="http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/?osType=linux">download Eclipse</a> according to your operating system architecture,<b> i.e. 32 bit or 64 bit.</b></div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">
<b style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Download Eclipse - </b><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><a href="http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/?osType=linux">http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/?osType=linux</a></b></span></div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">
Once the download is complete, move the eclipse downloaded installer to /opt.</div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #363636; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-stretch: inherit; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Monaco, Courier New, DejaVu Sans Mono, Bitstream Vera Sans Mono, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap;">sudo mv eclipse-java-luna-SR2-linux-gtk.tar.gz /opt</span></span></pre>
</div>
</span></div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Now go into opt partition of your system and extract the eclipse installer</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #363636; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-stretch: inherit; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Monaco, Courier New, DejaVu Sans Mono, Bitstream Vera Sans Mono, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap;">cd /opt
tar –xvf eclipse-java-luna-SR2-linux-gtk.tar.gz</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #333333;">Create a launcher shortcut for Eclipse, create a desktop file, named </span><b><span style="color: red;">eclipse.desktop</span></b><span style="color: #333333;"> in </span><b><span style="color: red;">/usr/share/applications/</span></b><span style="color: #333333;"> by running the following Gedit command.</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #363636; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-stretch: inherit; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Monaco, Courier New, DejaVu Sans Mono, Bitstream Vera Sans Mono, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap;">sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/eclipse.desktop</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">It will launch an empty file, copy and paste the followings content into this empty file, as shown in following screenshot.</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, Courier New, monospace; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 25.7143px;">[Desktop Entry]

Name=Eclipse

Type=Application

Exec=/opt/eclipse/eclipse

Terminal=false

Icon=/opt/eclipse/icon.xpm

Comment=Integrated Development Environment

NoDisplay=false

Categories=Development;IDE;

How to Install Eclipse IDE on Ubuntu Linux 14.04

Install Eclipse IDE on Ubuntu Linux 14.04 Eclipse is an integrated development environment (IDE) used in computer programming. It contai...

How to Install Eclipse IDE on Ubuntu Linux 15.04

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h1 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; clear: both; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Helvetica, sans-serif, sans-serif; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="color: red; font-size: x-large;"><u>Install Eclipse IDE on Ubuntu Linux 15.04</u></span></h1>
<div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Eclipse is an integrated development environment (IDE) used in computer programming. It contains a base workspace and an extensible plug-in system for customizing the environment. Eclipse is written mostly in Java and its primary use is for developing <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Java">Java applications</a>, but it may also be used to develop applications in other programming languages through the use of plugins, </span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW7Es7qnLVozc5v0SPvAkDD-4HAjk-g9jeKVzpNz8pySU9KrcFX70Nx_2mymnbQnIkiPgVgbDAMkXyg4q2_zHAnV4SuXIeNi3A8nD4gvUjHCxrys2gc-hQ_aRDhjVt39JM2SrxBhDJmoTV/s1600/install-eclipse-ubuntu-hackthesec.co.in.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW7Es7qnLVozc5v0SPvAkDD-4HAjk-g9jeKVzpNz8pySU9KrcFX70Nx_2mymnbQnIkiPgVgbDAMkXyg4q2_zHAnV4SuXIeNi3A8nD4gvUjHCxrys2gc-hQ_aRDhjVt39JM2SrxBhDJmoTV/s1600/install-eclipse-ubuntu-hackthesec.co.in.jpg" /></a></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">including: Ada, ABAP, C, C++, COBOL, Fortran, Haskell, JavaScript, Julia,Lasso, Lua, NATURAL, Perl, PHP, Prolog, Python, R, Ruby (including Ruby on Rails framework), Rust, Scala, Clojure, Groovy, Scheme, and Erlang. It can also be used to develop packages for the software Mathematica. Development environments include the Eclipse Java development tools (JDT) for Java and Scala, Eclipse CDT for C/C++ and Eclipse PDT for PHP, among others.</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"> </span><br />
<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; line-height: 26px;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/2016/05/how-to-install-eclipse-ide-on-ubuntu-14.html"><span style="color: red;"><b>How to Install Eclipse IDE on Ubuntu Linux 14.04</b></span></a></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;">Eclipse needs java as pre-requisite , run following command to install java on your ubuntu 15.04 system.</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-stretch: inherit; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "monaco" , "courier new" , "dejavu sans mono" , "bitstream vera sans mono" , monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap;">sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white;"></span><br />
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">
<span style="background-color: white;">once the java installation is complete, <a href="http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/?osType=linux">download Eclipse</a> according to your operating system architecture,<b> i.e. 32 bit or 64 bit.</b></span></div>
<span style="background-color: white;">
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">
<b style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Download Eclipse - </b><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><a href="http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/?osType=linux">http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/?osType=linux</a></b></span></div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">
Once the download is complete, move the eclipse downloaded installer to /opt.</div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #363636; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-stretch: inherit; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "monaco" , "courier new" , "dejavu sans mono" , "bitstream vera sans mono" , monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap;">sudo mv eclipse-java-luna-SR2-linux-gtk.tar.gz /opt</span></span></pre>
</div>
</span></div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;">Now go into opt partition of your system and extract the eclipse installer</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #363636; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-stretch: inherit; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "monaco" , "courier new" , "dejavu sans mono" , "bitstream vera sans mono" , monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap;">cd /opt
tar –xvf eclipse-java-luna-SR2-linux-gtk.tar.gz</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: #333333;">Create a launcher shortcut for Eclipse, create a desktop file, named </span><b><span style="color: red;">eclipse.desktop</span></b><span style="color: #333333;"> in </span><b><span style="color: red;">/usr/share/applications/</span></b><span style="color: #333333;"> by running the following Gedit command.</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #363636; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-stretch: inherit; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "monaco" , "courier new" , "dejavu sans mono" , "bitstream vera sans mono" , monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap;">sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/eclipse.desktop</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;">It will launch an empty file, copy and paste the followings content into this empty file, as shown in following screenshot.</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "menlo" , "monaco" , "consolas" , "courier new" , monospace; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 25.7143px;">[Desktop Entry]

Name=Eclipse

Type=Application

Exec=/opt/eclipse/eclipse

Terminal=false

Icon=/opt/eclipse/icon.xpm

Comment=Integrated Development Environment

NoDisplay=false

Categories=Development;IDE;

Name[en]=eclipse.desktop</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVyPQJROj7V7JvcoQnVidvhGp9r4y_dvdvWPzUvAp1LsL3quq-noeiZd-xlWCPcoy-Uj8M1iKvAkU8CWVRO2SglPzS34ph20odnEDQyrKHJhzFb8uxq5ZcwnmZ9QjLAZKeGaEzcIbZS6Fv/s1600/gedit-eclipse_hackthesec.co.in.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVyPQJROj7V7JvcoQnVidvhGp9r4y_dvdvWPzUvAp1LsL3quq-noeiZd-xlWCPcoy-Uj8M1iKvAkU8CWVRO2SglPzS34ph20odnEDQyrKHJhzFb8uxq5ZcwnmZ9QjLAZKeGaEzcIbZS6Fv/s1600/gedit-eclipse_hackthesec.co.in.png" /></a></div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;">Save the file, and now run following command on terminal to automatically install this desktop file on your ubuntu system.</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #363636; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-stretch: inherit; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "monaco" , "courier new" , "dejavu sans mono" , "bitstream vera sans mono" , monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap;">sudo desktop-file-install /usr/share/applications/eclipse.desktop</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;">As last step of the install, go to /usr/local/bin and create eclipse symlink, following two commands should take care of this:</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #363636; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); font-stretch: inherit; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "monaco" , "courier new" , "dejavu sans mono" , "bitstream vera sans mono" , monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap;">cd /usr/local/bin
sudo ln -s /opt/eclipse/eclipse</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; white-space: normal;">
</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;">Congratulations, Eclipse has been installed successfully, launch it from Applications menu.</span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPyrHudHi3VgE8Rnk4KSHEEt1Jc-9f2UADVD6-yp28sA8cAGSy_W7Hk91xrOs4kzoNIgMyyvJqZ4Gn1siY2gqVUhfZZtcfgMXHUC_1P9m_ErluwKPWavnG4t0-VkzPvTiauwWEc-NHqymc/s1600/eclipse-landing-hackthesec.co.in.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPyrHudHi3VgE8Rnk4KSHEEt1Jc-9f2UADVD6-yp28sA8cAGSy_W7Hk91xrOs4kzoNIgMyyvJqZ4Gn1siY2gqVUhfZZtcfgMXHUC_1P9m_ErluwKPWavnG4t0-VkzPvTiauwWEc-NHqymc/s1600/eclipse-landing-hackthesec.co.in.png" /></a></div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">www.hackthesec.co.in</a></span></span></div>
</div>

How to Install Eclipse IDE on Ubuntu Linux 15.04

Install Eclipse IDE on Ubuntu Linux 15.04 Eclipse is an integrated development environment (IDE) used in computer programming. It contai...

How to Configure PXE(Network Boot) installation Server on CentOS/RHEL 7.x

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h1 class="post-title entry-title" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font-family: 'PT Serif', serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 1.3em; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<span style="color: #990000; font-size: large;"><u>PXE (Network Boot) installation Server on CentOS/RHEL 7.x</u></span></h1>
<div>
<div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">The Preboot eXecution Environment (PXE, sometimes pronounced as pixie) specification describes a standardized client-server environment that boots a software assembly, retrieved from a network, on PXE-enabled clients. On the client side it requires only a PXE-capable network interface controller (NIC), and uses a small set of industry-standard network protocols such as DHCP and TFTP.</span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmF16zm4kuOIUfZQaaIbFQnusI56E4j4EBWIYDkc97QQ5EcHr3uJnTCfkGt7rDH2upuKmTpUGNGlN97_7-195tXCgGF7Dy4f_jF4atnEO39yPfrks1m-f06TEXhDF04l1nF_xMfEebkAYI/s1600/Setting-PXE-Network-Boot-in-CentOS_hackthesec.co.in.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmF16zm4kuOIUfZQaaIbFQnusI56E4j4EBWIYDkc97QQ5EcHr3uJnTCfkGt7rDH2upuKmTpUGNGlN97_7-195tXCgGF7Dy4f_jF4atnEO39yPfrks1m-f06TEXhDF04l1nF_xMfEebkAYI/s1600/Setting-PXE-Network-Boot-in-CentOS_hackthesec.co.in.png" /></a></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">The concept behind the PXE originated in the early days of protocols like BOOTP/DHCP/TFTP, and as of 2015 it forms part of the Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) standard. Given fast and reliable local area networks (LANs), PXE is the most frequent choice for operating system booting, installation and deployment.</span></span></div>
</div>
<div>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Install required packages for PXE Setup</u></b></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">To install and Configure pxe server on centos 7.x we need the following packages.</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: white; font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;">[root@pxeserver ~]# yum install dhcp tftp tftp-server syslinux vsftpd xinetd</span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><b><u>Configure DHCP Server for PXE</u></b></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><div style="font-size: 15px;">
Install dhcp package then a sample configuration file of dhcp server is created at "<b>/usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.example</b>", though the configuration file of dhcp is at '<b>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf</b>'.</div>
<div style="font-size: 15px;">
Copy the following lines into the file '<b>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.con</b>f', replace the ip subnet and other details as per your environment.</div>
<div>
<pre style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #363636; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: white; font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;">[root@pxeserver~]# vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

# DHCP Server Configuration file.

ddns-update-style interim;
ignore client-updates;
authoritative;
allow booting;
allow bootp;
allow unknown-clients;

# internal subnet for my DHCP Server
subnet 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.2.21 192.168.2.151;
option domain-name-servers 192.168.2.11;
option domain-name "pxeserver.hackthesec.co.in";
option routers 192.168.2.11;
option broadcast-address 192.168.2.255;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;

# IP of PXE Server
next-server 192.168.2.11;
filename "pxelinux.0";
}</span></pre>
</div>
</span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; line-height: 26px;"><span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><div style="font-size: 15px;">
<b><u><span style="color: #0b5394;">Edit and Config tftp server (/etc/xinetd.d/tftp)</span></u></b></div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-size: 15px;">
TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol ) is used to transfer files from data server to its clients without any kind of authentication. In case of PXE server setup tftp is used for bootstrap loading. To config tftp server, edit its configuration file '/etc/xinetd.d/tftp', change the parameter ‘disable = yes' to 'disable = no' and leave the other parameters as it is.</div>
<div style="color: #333333;">
<pre style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #363636; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: white; font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;">[root@pxeserver ~]# vi /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
service tftp
{
 socket_type = dgram
 protocol    = udp
 wait        = yes
 user        = root
 server      = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
 server_args = -s /var/lib/tftpboot
 disable     = no
 per_source  = 11
 cps         = 100 2
 flags       = IPv4
}</span></pre>
</div>
</span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><div>
tftp root directory "/var/lib/tftpboot"</div>
<div>
Run the following commands to copy required network boot files in '/var/lib/tftpboot/'</div>
</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: white; font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;">[root@pxeserver ~]# cp -v /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot
[root@pxeserver ~]# cp -v /usr/share/syslinux/menu.c32 /var/lib/tftpboot
[root@pxeserver ~]# cp -v /usr/share/syslinux/memdisk /var/lib/tftpboot
[root@pxeserver ~]# cp -v /usr/share/syslinux/mboot.c32 /var/lib/tftpboot
[root@pxeserver ~]# cp -v /usr/share/syslinux/chain.c32 /var/lib/tftpboot
[root@pxeserver ~]# mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg
[root@pxeserver ~]# mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/networkboot</span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><div>
<b><u><span style="color: #0b5394;">Mount CentOS 7.x ISO file and copy its contents to local ftp server</span></u></b></div>
<div style="color: #333333;">
Run the following commands to mount iso file and copy its contents in ftp server’s directory '<b>/var/ftp/pub</b>'</div>
</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: white; font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;">[root@pxeserver ~]# mount -o loop CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso /mnt/
mount: /dev/loop0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@pxeserver ~]# cd /mnt/
[root@pxeserver mnt]# cp -av * /var/ftp/pub/</span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Copy Kernel file (vmlimz) and initrd file from mounted iso file to '/var/lib/tftpboot/networkboot/'</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: white; font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;">[root@pxeserver ~]# cp /mnt/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz /var/lib/tftpboot/networkboot/
[root@pxeserver ~]# cp /mnt/images/pxeboot/initrd.img /var/lib/tftpboot/networkboot/</span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><div>
<b><u>Create kickStart & PXE menu file.</u></b></div>
<div>
Before creating kickstart file, let's first create the root password in an encrypted string because we will using that encrypted password string in kickstart file</div>
</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: white; font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;">[root@pxeserver ~]# openssl passwd -1 Pxese@123#
$1$e2wrcGGw$tZOPMCSXVhNmbiGg66seGH</span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><div>
System default kickstart file is placed under <b>/root/anaconda-ks.cfg</b>. and we will be creating a new kickstart under the folder /var/ftp/pub with the name'<b>centos7.cfg</b>'</div>
<div>
Copy the following content into the new kickstart file. Please modify the kickstart file as per your needs.</div>
</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: white; font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;">[root@pxeserver ~]# vi /var/ftp/pub/centos7.cfg

#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
#version=DEVEL
# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Use FTP installation media
url --url="ftp://192.168.2.11/pub/"
# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $1$e2wrcGGX$tZPQKPsXVhNmbiGg53MN41
# System authorization information
auth useshadow passalgo=sha512
# Use graphical install
graphical
firstboot disable
# System keyboard
keyboard us
# System language
lang en_US
# SELinux configuration
selinux disabled
# Installation logging level
logging level=info
# System timezone
timezone asia/kolkata
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader location=mbr
clearpart --all --initlabel
part swap --asprimary --fstype="swap" --size=1024
part /boot --fstype xfs --size=300
part pv.01 --size=1 --grow
volgroup root_vg01 pv.01
logvol / --fstype xfs --name=lv_01 --vgname=root_vg01 --size=1 --grow
%packages
@^minimal
@core
%end
%addon com_redhat_kdump --disable --reserve-mb='auto'
%end</span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Create a PXE menu file (<b>/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default</b>), copy the following contents into the pxe menu file.</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: white; font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;">[root@pxeserver ~]# vi /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

default menu.c32
prompt 0
timeout 30
MENU TITLE Hack The Sec PXE Menu
LABEL centos7_x64
MENU LABEL CentOS 7_X64
KERNEL /networkboot/vmlinuz
APPEND initrd=/networkboot/initrd.img inst.repo=ftp://192.168.2.11/pub ks=ftp://192.168.2.11/pub/centos7.cfg</span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><div>
<b><u><span style="color: #0b5394;">Start and enable xinetd, dhcp and vsftpd service.</span></u></b></div>
<div style="color: #333333;">
Use the fllowing commands to start and enable xinetd, dhcp and vsftpd.</div>
</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: white; font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;">[root@pxeserver ~]# systemctl start xinetd
[root@pxeserver ~]# systemctl enable xinetd
[root@pxeserver ~]# systemctl start dhcpd.service
[root@pxeserver ~]# systemctl enable dhcpd.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/dhcpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/dhcpd.service.
[root@pxeserver ~]# systemctl start vsftpd
[root@pxeserver ~]# systemctl enable vsftpd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/vsftpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/vsftpd.service.</span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">If your SELinux is enabled, then set the following selinux rule for ftp server.</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: white; font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;">[root@pxeserver ~]# setsebool -P allow_ftpd_full_access 1</span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Open the ports in the OS firewall using following firewall-cmd commands</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background: rgb(54, 54, 54); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); color: white; font-family: Monaco, 'Courier New', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 18px 20px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;">[root@pxeserver ~]# firewall-cmd --add-service=ftp --permanent
success
[root@</span><span style="font-size: large;">pxeserver </span><span style="font-size: large;">~]# firewall-cmd --add-service=dhcp --permanent</span>
<span style="font-size: large;">success
[root@</span><span style="font-size: large;">pxeserver </span><span style="font-size: large;">~]# firewall-cmd --add-port=69/tcp --permanent </span>
<span style="font-size: large;">success
[root@</span><span style="font-size: large;">pxeserver </span><span style="font-size: large;">~]# firewall-cmd --add-port=69/udp --permanent </span>
<span style="font-size: large;">success
[root@</span><span style="font-size: large;">pxeserver </span><span style="font-size: large;">~]# firewall-cmd --add-port=4011/udp --permanent</span>
<span style="font-size: large;">success
[root@</span><span style="font-size: large;">pxeserver </span><span style="font-size: large;">~]# firewall-cmd --reload</span>
<span style="font-size: large;">success</span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Boot the clients with pxe boot option.</span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgg8EnQTjKh4JgQ4uO0VVOgJWWb2rohVQMgKAtyHHrcf6WHAu2_LaDbDp275psy5sfvtY9Uen9FLfVnAB5fFYSr-fl7aISWzPGErof7AIeqdEKlPjWrtk5QmZVPvHy37Z9dDByByWpm8urw/s1600/pxe-boot_hackthesec.co.in.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgg8EnQTjKh4JgQ4uO0VVOgJWWb2rohVQMgKAtyHHrcf6WHAu2_LaDbDp275psy5sfvtY9Uen9FLfVnAB5fFYSr-fl7aISWzPGErof7AIeqdEKlPjWrtk5QmZVPvHy37Z9dDByByWpm8urw/s1600/pxe-boot_hackthesec.co.in.jpg" /></a></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">www.hackthesec.co.in</a></div>
</div>

How to Configure PXE(Network Boot) installation Server on CentOS/RHEL 7.x

PXE (Network Boot) installation Server on CentOS/RHEL 7.x The Preboot eXecution Environment (PXE, sometimes pronounced as pixie) specif...

How to Protect Apache Server From Denial-of-Service (Dos) Attack

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<span style="color: #990000; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Protecting Apache Server From Denial-of-Service (Dos) Attack</u></b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">A denial-of-service (DoS) attack is an attempt to make a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users, such as to temporarily or indefinitely interrupt or suspend services of a host connected to the Internet. A distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) is where the attack source is more than one, often thousands of, unique IP addresses. It is analogous to a group of people crowding the entry door or gate to a shop or business, and not letting legitimate parties enter into the shop or business, disrupting normal operations.</span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbvXzbAIVFMdclQaDCSCILQQsJG_oW-jSzbDmSZnd57RAIJ5NuLhrkUjrxXBFx6QNR4K1oia4tvxSmx_7rK5S_50_zR6YwMnhZd7C834Cfq4Z-4-GWZ1HoFotAEJQJeecaIF-G5WN9P3Hx/s1600/ddos_hackthesec.co.in.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbvXzbAIVFMdclQaDCSCILQQsJG_oW-jSzbDmSZnd57RAIJ5NuLhrkUjrxXBFx6QNR4K1oia4tvxSmx_7rK5S_50_zR6YwMnhZd7C834Cfq4Z-4-GWZ1HoFotAEJQJeecaIF-G5WN9P3Hx/s1600/ddos_hackthesec.co.in.png" /></a></div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Criminal perpetrators of DoS attacks often target sites or services hosted on high-profile web servers such as banks, credit card payment gateways; but motives of revenge, blackmail or activism can be behind other attacks.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">The scale of DDOS attacks has continued to rise over recent years; web security company, CloudFlare, reported in 2016 they consistently mitigated attacks of 400Gbps.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>What is mod_evasive?</u></b></span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">mod_evasive is an evasive maneuvers module for Apache to provide evasive action in the event of an HTTP DoS or DDoS attack or brute force attack. It is also designed to be a detection and network management tool, and can be easily configured to talk to ipchains, firewalls, routers, and etcetera. mod_evasive presently reports abuses via email and syslog facilities.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Installing mod_evasive</u></b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Server Distro: Debian 8 jessie</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Apache Version: Apache/2.4.10</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">mod_evasive appears to be in the Debian official repository, we will need to install using apt</span></span><br />
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 15.6px;"># apt-get update
# apt-get install libapache2-mod-evasive</span></span></pre>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Setting up mod_evasive</u></b></span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">We have mod_evasive installed but not configured, mod_evasive config is located at <b>/etc/apache2/mods-available/evasive.conf</b>. We will be editing that which should look similar to this</span></span><br />
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><IfModule mod_evasive20.c>
  #DOSHashTableSize    3097
  #DOSPageCount        2
  #DOSSiteCount        50
  #DOSPageInterval     1
  #DOSSiteInterval     1
  #DOSBlockingPeriod   10

#DOSEmailNotify      you@yourdomain.com
  #DOSSystemCommand    "su - someuser -c '/sbin/... %s ...'"
  #DOSLogDir           "/var/log/mod_evasive"
 </IfModule></pre>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>mod_evasive Configuration Directives</u></b></span></span><br />
<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">DOSHashTableSize</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">DOSPageCount</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">DOSSiteCount</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">DOSPageInterval</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">DOSSiteInterval</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">DOSBlockingPeriod</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">DOSEmailNotify</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">DOSSystemCommand</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">DOSLogDir</span></li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">This configuration is what I’m using which is working well and I recommend it if you don’t know how to go about the configuration</span></span><br />
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><IfModule mod_evasive20.c>
 DOSHashTableSize    2048
 DOSPageCount        5
 DOSSiteCount        100
 DOSPageInterval     1
 DOSSiteInterval     2
 DOSBlockingPeriod   10

DOSEmailNotify      you@yourdomain.com
 #DOSSystemCommand    "su - someuser -c '/sbin/... %s ...'"
 DOSLogDir           "/var/log/mod_evasive"
</IfModule></pre>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">As you’ll replace you@yourdomain.com with your email. Since mod_evasive doesn’t create the log directory automatically, we are to create it for it:</span></span><br />
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 15.6px;"># mkdir /var/log/mod_evasive
# chown :www-data /var/log/mod_evasive
# chmod 771 /var/log/mod_evasive</span></span></pre>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Once setup is done, make sure mod_evasive is enabled by typing:</span></span><br />
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 15.6px;"># a2enmod evasive</span></span></pre>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Restart Apache for changes to take effect</span></span><br />
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 15.6px;"># systemctl restart apache2</span></span></pre>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Testing mod_evasive Setup</u></b></span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">mod_evasive set up correctly,  now we are going to test if our web server has protection again DoS attack using ab (Apache Benchmark). Install ab if you don’t have it by typing:</span></span><br />
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 15.6px;"># apt-get install apache2-utils</span></span></pre>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Current stat of our /var/log/mod_evasive</span></span><br />
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 15.6px;">root@hackthesec:/var/log/mod_evasive# ls -l
 total 0
root@</span></span><span style="color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 15.6px;">hackthesec</span><span style="color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 15.6px;">:/var/log/mod_evasive#</span></pre>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">We will now send bulk requests to the server, causing a DoS attack  by typing:</span></span><br />
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 15.6px;"># ab -n 100 -c 10 http://serverip/</span></span></pre>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Sending 100 request on 10 concurrent requests per request, the current stat of my /var/log/mod_evasive directory is now</span></span><br />
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "courier new" , "courier" , monospace;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 15.6px;">root@hackthesec:/var/log/mod_evasive# ls -l
 total 4
 -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 18 May 16 22:10 dos-10.42.0.1</span></span></pre>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Checking Apache access logs at <b>/var/log/apache2/access.log</b> we can see all connections from ApacheBench/2.3 were dropped to 403:</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">www.hackthesec.co.in</a></b></span></span></div>

How to Protect Apache Server From Denial-of-Service (Dos) Attack

Protecting Apache Server From Denial-of-Service (Dos) Attack A denial-of-service (DoS) attack is an attempt to make a machine or network r...

Configure vsftpd SSL/TLS and Jail for Any User Writing as www-data to Web Server

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<span style="color: red; font-size: large;"><u>Configure vsftpd SSL/TLS and Jail for Any User Writing as www-data to Web Server</u></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><u><br /></u></span>
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/vsftp">vsftpd</a>, (or very secure FTP daemon), is an <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/ftp">FTP</a> server for Unix-like systems, including Linux. It is licensed under the GNU General Public License. It supports IPv6 and SSL.</span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4DuFEKA7uUfUyq3NjeiqEJRsKfjRKEhgoqMczS8lnDImAetVPJDFKrFZBqXmvnIqSTcGW1Eu_1ZXgnxBItoUatI4cACW4RhWhC5mF0e7AkpqaFjbQx4-a7q59cZLWqYOc4HzZXW68ubfU/s1600/vsftpd_hackthesec.co.in.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4DuFEKA7uUfUyq3NjeiqEJRsKfjRKEhgoqMczS8lnDImAetVPJDFKrFZBqXmvnIqSTcGW1Eu_1ZXgnxBItoUatI4cACW4RhWhC5mF0e7AkpqaFjbQx4-a7q59cZLWqYOc4HzZXW68ubfU/s1600/vsftpd_hackthesec.co.in.png" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">vsftpd supports explicit (since 2.0.0) and implicit (since 2.1.0) FTPS.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">vsftpd is the default FTP server in the Ubuntu, CentOS, Fedora, NimbleX, Slackware and RHEL Linux distributions.</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u><span style="color: #0b5394;">INSTALL VSFTPD</span></u></b></span><br />
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;">
Debian<br /><span class="xtypo_sticky" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #5c5d5f; background-image: url("/templates/yoo_nano3/css/assets/shadow.png"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 50% 100%; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(92, 93, 95); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 15px; text-shadow: rgb(102, 102, 102) 0px -1px 0px;"># apt-get install vsftpd</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px;">
RedHat<br /><span class="xtypo_sticky" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #5c5d5f; background-image: url("/templates/yoo_nano3/css/assets/shadow.png"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 50% 100%; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(92, 93, 95); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 15px; text-shadow: rgb(102, 102, 102) 0px -1px 0px;"># yum -y install vsftpd</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px;">
Arch Linux<br /><span class="xtypo_sticky" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #5c5d5f; background-image: url("/templates/yoo_nano3/css/assets/shadow.png"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 50% 100%; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(92, 93, 95); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 15px; text-shadow: rgb(102, 102, 102) 0px -1px 0px;"># pacman -S vsftpd</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px;">
FreeBSD<br /><span class="xtypo_sticky" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #5c5d5f; background-image: url("/templates/yoo_nano3/css/assets/shadow.png"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 50% 100%; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(92, 93, 95); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 15px; text-shadow: rgb(102, 102, 102) 0px -1px 0px;"># pkg install vsftpd</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px;">
FreeBSD to enable vsftpd you would enter:<br /><span class="xtypo_sticky" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #5c5d5f; background-image: url("/templates/yoo_nano3/css/assets/shadow.png"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 50% 100%; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(92, 93, 95); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 15px; text-shadow: rgb(102, 102, 102) 0px -1px 0px;"># vim /etc/rc.conf</span></div>
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Add line below to enable and start vsftpd during startup:</span></span><br />
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;">vsftpd_enable="YES"</pre>
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Start vsftpd:</span></span><br />
<div style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<span class="xtypo_sticky" style="background: url("/templates/yoo_nano3/css/assets/shadow.png") 50% 100% repeat-x rgb(92, 93, 95); border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(92, 93, 95); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 15px; text-shadow: rgb(102, 102, 102) 0px -1px 0px;">$ sudo /usr/local/etc/rc.d/vsftpd start</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px;">
Some settings in <strong>FreeBSD</strong> vsftpd.conf are a little different. I'll create a article specifically for <strong>FreeBSD</strong> vsftpd<span style="color: #444444;">.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;">
Gentoo<br /><span class="xtypo_sticky" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #5c5d5f; background-image: url("/templates/yoo_nano3/css/assets/shadow.png"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 50% 100%; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(92, 93, 95); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 15px; text-shadow: rgb(102, 102, 102) 0px -1px 0px;"># emerge vsftpd</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px;">
Adding and starting <strong>Gentoo</strong><span style="color: #444444;"> </span><b><em style="color: #dd0055;">vsftpd at startup</em><span style="color: #444444;">:</span></b></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px;">
OpenRC<br /><span class="xtypo_sticky" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #5c5d5f; background-image: url("/templates/yoo_nano3/css/assets/shadow.png"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 50% 100%; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(92, 93, 95); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 15px; text-shadow: rgb(102, 102, 102) 0px -1px 0px;"># rc-update add vsftpd default <br /># /etc/init.d/vsftpd start</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px;">
systemd<br /><span class="xtypo_sticky" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #5c5d5f; background-image: url("/templates/yoo_nano3/css/assets/shadow.png"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 50% 100%; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(92, 93, 95); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 15px; text-shadow: rgb(102, 102, 102) 0px -1px 0px;"># systemctl enable vsftpd <br /># systemctl start vsftpd</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;">
Add user to login to the vsftpd server<br /><span class="xtypo_sticky" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #5c5d5f; background-image: url("/templates/yoo_nano3/css/assets/shadow.png"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 50% 100%; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(92, 93, 95); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 15px; text-shadow: rgb(102, 102, 102) 0px -1px 0px;"># adduser ftpuser</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px;">
Change password:<br /><span class="xtypo_sticky" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #5c5d5f; background-image: url("/templates/yoo_nano3/css/assets/shadow.png"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 50% 100%; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(92, 93, 95); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 15px; text-shadow: rgb(102, 102, 102) 0px -1px 0px;"># passwd ftpuser</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px;">
Create a folder for the user we just created in the root or your web server:<br /><span class="xtypo_sticky" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #5c5d5f; background-image: url("/templates/yoo_nano3/css/assets/shadow.png"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 50% 100%; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(92, 93, 95); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 15px; text-shadow: rgb(102, 102, 102) 0px -1px 0px;"># mkdir /var/www/html/ftpuser</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px;">
Add rights to the directory for the user:<br /><span class="xtypo_sticky" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #5c5d5f; background-image: url("/templates/yoo_nano3/css/assets/shadow.png"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 50% 100%; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(92, 93, 95); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 15px; text-shadow: rgb(102, 102, 102) 0px -1px 0px;"># chmod -R ftpuser:ftpuser /var/www/html/ftpuser</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px;">
Add the following in:<br style="color: #444444;" /><span class="xtypo_sticky" style="background: url("/templates/yoo_nano3/css/assets/shadow.png") 50% 100% repeat-x rgb(92, 93, 95); border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(92, 93, 95); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 15px; text-shadow: rgb(102, 102, 102) 0px -1px 0px;"># vim /etc/vsftpd.conf</span></div>
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Add the following lines:</span></span><br />
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;">listen=YES
anonymous_enable=NO
local_enable=YES
virtual_use_local_privs=YES
write_enable=YES
connect_from_port_20=YES
secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd
pam_service_name=vsftpd
guest_enable=YES
ftp_username=www-data
chmod_enable=YES
chown_uploads=YES
chown_username=www-data
guest_username=www-data
force_dot_files=YES
pasv_enable=YES
pasv_promiscuous=YES
pasv_min_port=1024
pasv_max_port=65535
syslog_enable=YES
max_clients=10
max_per_ip=10
port_promiscuous=YES
port_enable=YES
listen_port=21
ftp_data_port=20
user_sub_token=$USER
hide_ids=YES
user_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd
chroot_local_user=YES
allow_writeable_chroot=YES
seccomp_sandbox=NO</pre>
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, Courier New, monospace;"><span style="line-height: 18.5714px;"><b><u>SSL lines</u></b>
ssl_enable=YES
rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/linuxsecrets-bundle.crt
rsa_private_key_file=/etc/ssl/linuxsecrets_com.key
allow_anon_ssl=NO
force_local_data_ssl=YES
force_local_logins_ssl=YES
ssl_tlsv1=YES
ssl_sslv2=NO
ssl_sslv3=NO
require_ssl_reuse=NO
ssl_ciphers=HIGH</span></span></pre>
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Save the file if using vi or vim hit : then x.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Change Default vsftpd Port</u></b></span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">If you like you can change the vsftpd default ports to non-standard to listen on 1234</span></span><br />
<div class="xtypo_sticky" style="background: url("/templates/yoo_nano3/css/assets/shadow.png") 50% 100% repeat-x rgb(92, 93, 95); border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(92, 93, 95); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-top: 5px; padding: 5px 15px; text-shadow: rgb(102, 102, 102) 0px -1px 0px;">
# vim /etc/vsftpd.conf</div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px;">
Set this to NO:</div>
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;">connect_from_port_20=NO
ftp_data_port=1233
listen_port=1234</pre>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Custom vsftpd Logs</u></b></span></span><br />
<div class="xtypo_sticky" style="background: url("/templates/yoo_nano3/css/assets/shadow.png") 50% 100% repeat-x rgb(92, 93, 95); border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(92, 93, 95); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-top: 5px; padding: 5px 15px; text-shadow: rgb(102, 102, 102) 0px -1px 0px;">
# vim /etc/vsftpd.conf</div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px;">
Default log – enable and change for custom location/name</div>
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;">xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log</pre>
<span style="color: red; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b>Make sure you disable syslog_enable=NO</b></span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">This will show all files moving through the webserver, but if you want to view all the activity, including connections and commands you need to add:</span></span><br />
<div>
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;">log_ftp_protocol=YES</pre>
</div>
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">After making changes to the ports you need to restart the service</span></span><br />
<div style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<span class="xtypo_sticky" style="background: url("/templates/yoo_nano3/css/assets/shadow.png") 50% 100% repeat-x rgb(92, 93, 95); border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(92, 93, 95); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 15px; text-shadow: rgb(102, 102, 102) 0px -1px 0px;"># service vsftpd restart</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px;">
Verify port:</div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<span class="xtypo_sticky" style="background: url("/templates/yoo_nano3/css/assets/shadow.png") 50% 100% repeat-x rgb(92, 93, 95); border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(92, 93, 95); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 15px; text-shadow: rgb(102, 102, 102) 0px -1px 0px;"># netstat -nuptl | grep ftp</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px;">
Output:</div>
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;">tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:1234 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4136/vsftpd</pre>
<div style="background-color: white; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<span style="font-family: Open Sans;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px;"><u><b>Options Defined Bellow:-</b></u></span></span></div>
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">listen</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - vsftpd itself will take care of listening and handling incoming connections. Default setting is NO.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">anonymous_enable</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out). Set this to NO</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">local_enable</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - Controls whether local logins are permitted or not. If enabled, normal user accounts in /etc/passwd (or wherever your PAM config references) may be used to log in.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">virtual_use_local_privs</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - If enabled, virtual users will use the same privileges as local users. By default, virtual users will use the same privileges as anonymous users, which tends to be more restrictive (especially in terms of write access).</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">write_enable</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - This controls whether any FTP commands which change the filesystem are allowed or not. These commands are: STOR, DELE, RNFR, RNTO, MKD, RMD, APPE and SITE.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">connect_from_port_20</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - This controls whether PORT style data connections use port 20 (ftp-data) on the server machine. </span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">secure_chroot_dir</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - This option should be the name of a directory which is empty. Also, the directory should not be writable by the ftp user. This directory is used as a secure chroot() jail at times vsftpd does not require filesystem access.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">pam_service_name</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - PAM (pluggable authentication modules). A virtual user is a user login which does not exist as a real login on the system in /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow file.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">guest_enable</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - If enabled, all non-anonymous logins are classed as "guest" logins. A guest login is remapped to the user specified in the guest_username setting.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">ftp_username</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - This is the name of the user we use for handling anonymous FTP. The home directory of this user is the root of the anonymous FTP area. Default is ftp.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">chmod_enable</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - When enabled, allows use of the SITE CHMOD command. NOTE! This only applies to local users. Anonymous users never get to use SITE CHMOD.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">chown_uploads</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - If enabled, all anonymously uploaded files will have the ownership changed to the user specified in the setting chown_username. This is useful from an administrative, and perhaps security, standpoint.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">chown_username</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - This is the name of the user who is given ownership of anonymously uploaded files. This option is only relevant if another option, chown_uploads, is set.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">guest_username</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - See the boolean setting guest_enable for a description of what constitutes a guest login. This setting is the real username which guest users are mapped to.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">force_dot_files</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - If activated, files and directories starting with . will be shown in directory listings even if the "a" flag was not used by the client. This override excludes the "." and ".." entries.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">pasv_enable</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - Set to NO if you want to disallow the PASV method of obtaining a data connection.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">pasv_promiscuous</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - Set to YES if you want to disable the PASV security check that ensures the data connection originates from the same IP address as the control connection. Only enable if you know what you are doing! The only legitimate use for this is in some form of secure tunnelling scheme, or perhaps to facilitate FXP support.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">pasv_min_port</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - The minimum port to allocate for PASV style data connections. Can be used to specify a narrow port range to assist firewalling.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">pasv_max_port</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - The maximum port to allocate for PASV style data connections. Can be used to specify a narrow port range to assist firewalling.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">syslog_enable</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - If enabled, then any log output which would have gone to /var/log/vsftpd.log goes to the system log instead. Logging is done under the FTPD facility.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">max_clients</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - If vsftpd is in standalone mode, this is the maximum number of clients which may be connected. Any additional clients connecting will get an error message.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">max_per_ip</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - If vsftpd is in standalone mode, this is the maximum number of clients which may be connected from the same source internet address. A client will get an error message if they go over this limit.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">port_promiscuous</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - Set to YES if you want to disable the PORT security check that ensures that outgoing data connections can only connect to the client. Only enable if you know what you are doing!</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">port_enable</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - Set to NO if you want to disallow the PORT method of obtaining a data connection.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">listen_port</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - If vsftpd is in standalone mode, this is the port it will listen on for incoming FTP connections.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">ftp_data_port</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - The port from which PORT style connections originate (as long as the poorly named connect_from_port_20 is enabled).</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">user_sub_token</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - This option is useful is conjunction with virtual users. It is used to automatically generate a home directory for each virtual user, based on a template. For example, if the home directory of the real user specified via guest_username is /home/virtual/$USER, and user_sub_token is set to $USER, then when virtual user fred logs in, he will end up (usually chroot()'ed) in the directory /home/virtual/fred. This option also takes affect if local_root contains user_sub_token.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">hide_ids</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - If enabled, all user and group information in directory listings will be displayed as "ftp".</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">user_config_dir</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - This powerful option allows the override of any config option specified in the manual page, on a per-user basis. Usage is simple, and is best illustrated with an example. If you set user_config_dir to be /etc/vsftpd_user_conf and then log on as the user "chris", then vsftpd will apply the settings in the file /etc/vsftpd_user_conf/chris for the duration of the session. The format of this file is as detailed in this manual page! PLEASE NOTE that not all settings are effective on a per-user basis. For example, many settings only prior to the user's session being started. Examples of settings which will not affect any behviour on a per-user basis include listen_address, banner_file, max_per_ip, max_clients, xferlog_file, etc.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">chroot_local_user</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - If set to YES, local users will be (by default) placed in a chroot() jail in their home directory after login. Warning: This option has security implications, especially if the users have upload </span>permission<span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">, or shell access. Only enable if you know what you are doing. Note that these security implications are not vsftpd specific. They apply to all FTP daemons which offer to put local users in chroot() jails.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">allow_writeable_chroot</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - Writeable enabled to specificed location by setting to = YES</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">seccomp_sandbox</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - is a computer security facility that provides an application sandboxing mechanism in the </span>Linux<span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> </span>kernel<span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">. Setting to NO resolves some errors. </span></pre>
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<span style="font-family: Open Sans;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px;"><u><b>SSL Lines Defined Bellow:-</b></u></span></span></div>
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">sl_enable</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - Enables SSL support</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">rsa_cert_file</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - Specify localtion of you webserver crt like: /etc/ssl/bundle.crt</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">rsa_private_key_file</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - Specify location to /etc/ssl/linuxsecrets.key from webserver.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">allow_anon_ssl</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - Disallow anaymous logins set to NO</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">force_local_data_ssl</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - Only applies if ssl_enable is activated. If activated, all non-anonymous logins are forced to use a secure SSL connection in order to send and receive data on data connections.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">force_local_logins_ssl</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - Only applies if ssl_enable is activated. If activated, all non-anonymous logins are forced to use a secure SSL connection in order to send the password.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">ssl_tlsv1</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - Only applies if ssl_enable is activated. If enabled, this option will permit TLS v1 protocol connections. TLS v1 connections are preferred.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">ssl_sslv2</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - Only applies if ssl_enable is activated. If enabled, this option will permit SSL v2 protocol connections. TLS v1 connections are preferred.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">ssl_sslv3</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - Only applies if ssl_enable is activated. If enabled, this option will permit SSL v3 protocol connections. TLS v1 connections are preferred.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">require_ssl_reuse</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - If set to yes, all SSL data connections are required to exhibit SSL session reuse (which proves that they know the same master secret as the control channel). Although this is a secure default, it may break many FTP clients, so you may want to disable it.</span>
<strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">ssl_ciphers</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;"> - This option can be used to select which SSL ciphers vsftpd will allow for encrypted SSL connections. See the ciphers man page for further details. </span><strong style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">Note</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: 'Open Sans'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: normal;">: that restricting ciphers can be a useful security precaution as it prevents malicious remote parties forcing a cipher which they have found problems with. </span></pre>
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<b><u>Start the vsftpd service</u></b><span class="xtypo_sticky" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #5c5d5f; background-image: url("/templates/yoo_nano3/css/assets/shadow.png"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 50% 100%; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(92, 93, 95); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 15px; text-shadow: rgb(102, 102, 102) 0px -1px 0px;"># service vsftpd start</span></div>
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Verify you have the correct port or custom port assigned and working.<br /><span class="xtypo_sticky" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #5c5d5f; background-image: url("/templates/yoo_nano3/css/assets/shadow.png"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 50% 100%; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(92, 93, 95); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 0px 0px 3px; color: white; display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 15px; text-shadow: rgb(102, 102, 102) 0px -1px 0px;"># netstat -nuptl | grep ftp</span></div>
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Output:</div>
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;">tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:21 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4136/vsftpd</pre>
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">www.hackthesec.co.in</a></pre>
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