Hack The Sec-Leading Resource Of Linux Tutorial: ubuntu_dns

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<span style="color: #990000; font-weight: normal;"><u>How to configure DNS server in ubuntu 14.04</u></span></h1>
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<b style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 19.2000007629395px;">DNS Server</b><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 19.2000007629395px;">. Domain Name System (</span><b style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 19.2000007629395px;">DNS</b><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 19.2000007629395px;">) is the name resolution protocol for TCP/IP networks, such as the Internet. Client computers query a </span><b style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 19.2000007629395px;">DNS server</b><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 19.2000007629395px;"> to resolve memorable, alphanumeric </span><b style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 19.2000007629395px;">DNS</b><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 19.2000007629395px;"> names to the IP addresses that computers use to communicate with each other.<a href="https://help.ubuntu.com/14.04/serverguide/dns-configuration.html">More Info</a></span><br />
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<li><strong style="background-color: white; display: block; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px 0px 3px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/2016/01/how-to-setup-dns-bind-server-on.html" style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;"></a><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/2016/01/how-to-setup-dns-bind-server-on.html" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><strong style="display: inline !important; margin: 0px 0px 3px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: red; font-size: large;">How to Setup <mark style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">dns</mark> (Bind) Server on CentOS/RHEL 7/6/5</span></strong></a></strong></li>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Roboto Slab;"><span style="font-size: 24px; line-height: 34px;"><b>DNS server installation</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394;">Step 1:</span><span style="color: #333333;"> </span>Update the repositories.</div>
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; line-height: 1.3em;"># </span><span style="color: lime;"><span style="line-height: 15.6000003814697px;">sudo apt-get update</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #0b5394;">Step 2 : </span>Install bind9 using the below command.</div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; line-height: 1.3em;"># </span><span style="color: lime;"><span style="line-height: 15.6000003814697px;">sudo apt-get install bind9</span></span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; line-height: 1.3em;">
</span></pre>
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Now installation is over, please proceed with configuration.</div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Roboto Slab;"><span style="font-size: 24px; line-height: 34px;"><b>Caching nameserver</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Roboto Slab; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 28px;">Caching nameserver will remember all the DNS queries made and serves locally when the domain is queried second time. Default configuration will act as a caching nameserver, you just need is to add public DNS IPs in the configuration file.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Roboto Slab; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 28px;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">Step 3 : </span>Open <span style="color: red;">/etc/bind/named.conf.options</span> file and find forwarders column , uncomment and edit like the following.</span></span></div>
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 15.6000003814697px;">forwarders {
       8.8.8.8;
       8.8.4.4;
       };</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">
</span></span></pre>
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Here 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4 are google public DNS servers .<br /><span style="color: #0b5394;">Step 4 : </span>Now <b>start/restart</b> the service.</div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; line-height: 1.3em;"># </span><span style="color: lime;"><span style="line-height: 15.6000003814697px;">sudo service bind9 restart</span></span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; line-height: 1.3em;">
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<span style="color: #0b5394;">Step 5 : </span>Now test using dig command . open <span style="color: red;">/etc/resolv.conf</span> and edit nameserver ip to 127.0.0.1 or your serverIP.</div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="line-height: 15.6000003814697px;">nameserver 127.0.0.1</span></span><span style="color: white; font-family: Roboto Slab;"><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">
</span></span></pre>
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<span style="font-family: Roboto Slab; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 28px;">Now type the below command to see results.</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="line-height: 15.6000003814697px;">root@hackthesec:~$ dig www.hackthesec.co.in
................
;; Query time: 83 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
.................</span></span><span style="color: white; font-family: Roboto Slab;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.3em;">
</span></span></pre>
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It took 83 msec for the first time . Now try the same command again.</div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="line-height: 15.6000003814697px;">root@hackthesec:~$ dig www.hackthesec.co.in
................
;; Query time: 5 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
.................</span></span><span style="color: white; font-family: Roboto Slab;"><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">
</span></span></pre>
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<span style="font-family: Roboto Slab; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 28px;">Now reduced to 5 msec . This time it serves from local.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Roboto Slab;"><span style="font-size: 24px; line-height: 34px;"><b>Primary master</b></span></span></div>
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Primary master configuration is just like managing DNS records for particular domain locally ( Eg: hackthesec.co.in ).<br />Scenario details:<br /><b>Domain name : hackthesec.co.in<br />Server ip : 192.168.6.5<br />Server hostname : ns.hackthesec.co.in<br />Webserver ip : 192.168.6.10 ( www.hackthesec.co.in) .<br />We need to create 2 zone files , Forward zone and reverse zone.</b></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: Roboto Slab;"><span style="font-size: 24px; line-height: 34px;"><b>Forward zone file</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Roboto Slab; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 28px;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">Step 6 :</span><span style="color: #333333;"> </span>Create forward zone file <span style="color: red;">db.hackthesec.co.in</span> by copying db.local conf file.</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; line-height: 1.3em;"># </span><span style="color: lime;"><span style="line-height: 15.6000003814697px;">sudo cp /etc/bind/db.local /etc/bind/db.hackthesec.co.in</span></span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; line-height: 1.3em;">
</span></pre>
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<span style="font-family: Roboto Slab; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 28px;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">Step 7 :</span><span style="color: #333333;"> </span>Now open<span style="color: red;"> /etc/bind/db.hackthese.co.in</span> and edit like below.</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="line-height: 15.6000003814697px;">; BIND data file for local loopback interface
;
$TTL    604800
@ IN SOA ns.hackthesec.co.in. root.ns.hackthesec.co.in. (
                              2         ; Serial
                         604800         ; Refresh
                          86400         ; Retry
                        2419200         ; Expire
                         604800 )       ; Negative Cache TTL
;
@       IN      NS      ns.hackthesec.co.in.
@       IN      A       192.168.6.5
@       IN      AAAA    ::1
ns      IN      A       192.168.6.5
www     IN  A 192.168.6.10</span></span><span style="color: white; font-family: Roboto Slab;"><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">

</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #0b5394;">Step 11 :</span> Now restart the service.</div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; line-height: 1.3em;"># </span><span style="color: lime;"><span style="line-height: 15.6000003814697px;">sudo service bind9 restart</span></span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; line-height: 1.3em;">
</span></pre>
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<span style="font-family: Roboto Slab; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 28px;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">Step 12 : </span>Now test using nslookup or dig commands.</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="line-height: 15.6000003814697px;">root@hackthesec:~$ nslookup www.hackthesec.co.in
Server: 127.0.0.1
Address: 127.0.0.1#53
Name: </span></span><span style="color: white; line-height: 15.6000003814697px;">www.hackthesec.co.in</span><span style="color: white;"><span style="line-height: 15.6000003814697px;">
Address: 192.168.6.10</span></span><span style="color: white; font-family: Roboto Slab;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.3em;">
</span></span></pre>
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Now test reverse lookup</div>
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="line-height: 15.6000003814697px;">root@hackthesec:~$ nslookup 172.27.6.10
Server: 127.0.0.1
Address: 127.0.0.1#53
10.6.27.172.in-addr.arpa name = www.hackthesec.co.in.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Roboto Slab;"><span style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.3em;">
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<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="line-height: 15.6000003814697px;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">Hack The Sec</a>
<a href="https://www.twitter.com/hackthesecurity">Hack The Sec Twitter</a>
<a href="https://www.facebook.com/htsecu">Hack The Sec Facebook</a></span></span></pre>
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