Hack The Sec-Leading Resource Of Linux Tutorial: RDBMS

How To Install MySQL Server on Ubuntu 22.04MySQL is an open-source relational database management system (RDBMS).Its name is a combination of "My", the name of co-founder Michael Widenius's daughter My, and "SQL", the acronym for Structured Query Language. A relational database organizes data into one or more data tables in which data may be related to each other; these relations help structure the data. SQL is a language programmers use to create, modify and extract data from the relational database, as well as control user access to the database. In addition to relational databases and SQL, an RDBMS like MySQL works with an operating system to implement a relational database in a computer's storage system, manages users, allows for network access and facilitates testing database integrity and creation of backups.<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-TGGNP9TmpmA/V58BMg_74JI/AAAAAAAABos/Dgs93UNJ-H04uHSmu11g-8kF4BVCClM7wCPcB/s698/mysql-hackthesec.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="698" height="366" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-TGGNP9TmpmA/V58BMg_74JI/AAAAAAAABos/Dgs93UNJ-H04uHSmu11g-8kF4BVCClM7wCPcB/w640-h366/mysql-hackthesec.png" width="640" /></a></div> Step 1 – Installing MySQL on Ubuntu 22.04The default Ubuntu repositories contain MySQL 8.0. Which can be installed directly using the package manager without adding third-party PPA.To install the available MySQL server version, execute the following command.<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;">[root@hackthesec]# apt-get install mysql-server</pre>Press 'y' for any confirmation asked by the installer.Once the installation is finished, you can secure the MySQL server by executing the following command.<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;">[root@hackthesec]# sudo mysql_secure_installation</pre>You will go through a wizard of questions to secure the MySQL server. Follow the onscreen instructions below:<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: #333333; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;">[root@hackthesec]#</pre>Press ‘y’ to enable validate password plugin. This will allow you to set a strict password policy for user accounts.<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;">[root@hackthesec]# VALIDATE PASSWORD COMPONENT can be used to test passwordsand improve security. It checks the strength of passwordand allows the users to set only those passwords which aresecure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD component? Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: y

</pre>Chose the password complexity level. Read the all 3 options and choose one:<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;">[root@hackthesec]# LOW Length >= 8
MEDIUM Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, and special characters

STRONG Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, special characters and dictionary file

Please enter 0 = LOW, 1 = MEDIUM and 2 = STRONG: 1 </pre>Enter a new password and re-enter it. Make sure it matches the complexity level as described above.<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;">[root@hackthesec]# 
New password: *************Re-enter new password: *************Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y

Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y</pre>Step 2 – Connect to MySQL ServerRemember that the above password set for the root accounts is used for remote users only. To log in from the same system, just type mysql on terminal.<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: #333333; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;">[root@hackthesec]# sudo mysql</pre><pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;">Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 14Server version: 8.0.28-0ubuntu4 (Ubuntu) Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
</pre>Step 3 – Creating Database and UsersHere is few example queries to create database and users in MySQL server.<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;">[root@hackthesec]#
Create a database named ‘hackthesec’.CREATE DATABASE hackthesec; Next, create a user named ‘hackthesec’ accessible from ‘localhost’ only.CREATE USER 'hackthesec'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Secure321'; Grant permissions on database to user.GRANT ALL ON mydb.* to 'hackthesec'@'localhost'; Apply the permission changes at runtime.FLUSH PRIVILEGES; </pre> Step 4 – Manage MySQL ServiceTo check the database server status.<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;">[root@hackthesec]# sudo systemctl status mysql</pre>Use below command to start MySQL server.<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;">[root@hackthesec]# sudo systemctl start mysql</pre>To stop MySQL server:<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;">[root@hackthesec]# sudo systemctl stop mysql</pre>Restart MySQL database server, type:<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;">[root@hackthesec]# sudo systemctl restart mysql</pre> @hackthesecurity

How To Install MySQL Server on Ubuntu 22.04

How To Install MySQL Server on Ubuntu 22.04 MySQL is an open-source relational database management system (RDBMS).Its name is a combination ...

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Upgrading to PostgreSQL 9.5 in Fedora 24</h1>
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<a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/PostgreSQL">PostgreSQL</a>, often simply Postgres, is an object-relational database (ORDBMS) – i.e. a RDBMS, with additional (optional use) "object" features – with an emphasis on extensibility and standards-compliance. As a database server, its primary function is to store data securely, and to allow for retrieval at the request of other software applications. </div>
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It can handle workloads ranging from small single-machine applications to large Internet-facing applications (or for data warehousing) with many concurrent users; on macOS, PostgreSQL is the default database – for web hosting – and it is also available for Microsoft Windows and <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Linux%20Tutorial">Linux </a>(supplied in most distributions).</div>
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<a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/2016/01/how-to-install-postgresql-95-on.html" itemprop="url" style="background-color: white; display: block; font-family: "Open Sans", serif, sans-serif; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: none;"></a><ul style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/2016/01/how-to-install-postgresql-95-on.html" itemprop="url" style="background-color: white; display: block; font-family: "Open Sans", serif, sans-serif; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: none;"></a>
<li><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/2016/01/how-to-install-postgresql-95-on.html" itemprop="url" style="background-color: white; display: block; font-family: "Open Sans", serif, sans-serif; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: none;"></a><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/2016/01/how-to-install-postgresql-95-on.html" itemprop="url" style="display: inline !important; text-decoration: none;">How to Install PostgreSQL 9.5 on CentOS/RHEL 7/6/5 and Fedora 23/22</a></li>
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What’s new in PostgreSQL 9.5</div>
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<li>IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA</li>
<li>Row-Level Security Policies</li>
<li>BRIN Indexes</li>
<li>Foreign Table Inheritance</li>
<li>GROUPING SETS, CUBE and ROLLUP</li>
<li>JSONB-modifying operators and functions</li>
<li>INSERT … ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING/UPDATE (“UPSERT”)</li>
<li>pg_rewind</li>
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And a lot of other things, which you can find in detail in the <a href="https://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/What's_new_in_PostgreSQL_9.5">PosgreSQL Wiki</a>.</div>
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Here, we’ll care just about upgrading from 9.4 to 9.5 Fedora 24.</div>
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This is just an (important) advice: before proceeding in upgrading, back-up all your data.</div>
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The procedure for upgrading PostgreSQL is not automatic, so you have to make some operation manually, but, as you will see, it’s very easy.</div>
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Let’s upgrade</div>
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First of all, install the upgrade sub-package:</div>
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Now, you can use it to upgrade PostgreSQL:</div>
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At the end of the procedure, look at /var/lib/pgsql/upgrade_postgresql.log log file for useful details, and then start the systemd service:</div>
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Now, if you:</div>
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you should see it started and ready.</div>
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That’s all, your PostgreSQL is at 9.5 version, with all its new features available.</div>
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<a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">HackTh3Sec</a></div>
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Upgrading to PostgreSQL 9.5 in Fedora 24

Upgrading to PostgreSQL 9.5 in Fedora 24 PostgreSQL , often simply Postgres, is an object-relational database (ORDBMS) – i.e. a RDBMS, w...