Hack The Sec-Leading Resource Of Linux Tutorial

Installing BDF For Bruteforce Prevention

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<u><span style="color: #990000;">BDF For Bruteforce Prevention</span></u></h2>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">BFD is a modular shell script for parsing application logs and checking for authentication failures. It does this using a rules system where application specific options are stored including regular expressions for each unique auth format.</span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAmCYSAhZM7Yul1Qvhurz5fmAo-Xc9ifqGBC3KsZfEt4obNujDrERENB2qG5hSMRhEZ7prkdXP4Z8UnPWZfipqHKjPeV-_QdErStz4IFr_uU9p2Kx20IH2b74Zg0GFcGAbidYDafsyVPkD/s1600/Brute_Force_Login_Protection_hackthesec.co.in.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAmCYSAhZM7Yul1Qvhurz5fmAo-Xc9ifqGBC3KsZfEt4obNujDrERENB2qG5hSMRhEZ7prkdXP4Z8UnPWZfipqHKjPeV-_QdErStz4IFr_uU9p2Kx20IH2b74Zg0GFcGAbidYDafsyVPkD/s1600/Brute_Force_Login_Protection_hackthesec.co.in.jpg" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"> The regular expressions are parsed against logs using the ‘sed’ tool (stream editor) which allows for excellent performance in all environments</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">wget http://www.rfxn.com/downloads/bfd-current.tar.gz
tar zxvf bfd-current.tar.gz
cd bfd-1.4
sh install.sh</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">After installing we have to edit configuration file which can be found here:-</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">/usr/local/bfd/conf.bfd</span></span></pre>
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">www.hackthesec.co.in</span></span></pre>
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Installing BDF For Bruteforce Prevention

BDF For Bruteforce Prevention BFD is a modular shell script for parsing application logs and checking for authentication failures. It do...

How to Secure a CentOS Server SSH + Fail2ban + DDOS Deflate

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<span style="color: #990000; font-size: large;"><u><b>Secure a CentOS Server SSH + Fail2ban + DDOS Deflate</b></u></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Secure Shell (SSH) is a UNIX-based command interface and protocol for securely getting access to a remote computer. By default SSH run on port 22. The ideal solution is to change this default value to other port number from 1 to 65535.</span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjC2UG7hlDw7h6NEQQGMw8cqPEK5fD0hMP9t4uuwh_H3SQD1Hm-N_oUu0QJlFUL5P0IVx0vT-dfNx5mUNDIv_STffytGS1RHx-D35jGzi0s-EurvbZMlIJorVsPQj5HUGyeA_E_1Zjn1pFX/s1600/Blog1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjC2UG7hlDw7h6NEQQGMw8cqPEK5fD0hMP9t4uuwh_H3SQD1Hm-N_oUu0QJlFUL5P0IVx0vT-dfNx5mUNDIv_STffytGS1RHx-D35jGzi0s-EurvbZMlIJorVsPQj5HUGyeA_E_1Zjn1pFX/s400/Blog1.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Strengthening SSH access</u></b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">login to your server via SSH</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config</span></span></pre>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Uncommented line that defines the port</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">#Port 22

set this to a port that is not already in use

port 8070</span></span></pre>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Allow SSH port on Iptables Firewall</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 8070 -j ACCEPT
service iptables restart</span></span></pre>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Apply this setting</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">/etc/init.d/sshd restart</span></span></pre>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">SSH will now be listening on newly set port. - 8070</span></span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><b><u>Prevent bruteforce using Fail2ban and DDOS Deflate</u></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.fail2ban.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page">Fail2ban </a>fails to protect against a distributed brute force attack. this is used to block selected IP addresses that may belong to hosts that are trying to breach the system's security.</span></span></div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><b><u>Download and Install Fail2ban </u></b></span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">rpm -ivh http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-7.noarch.rpm
yum install fail2ban
vi /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf</span></span></pre>
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, Courier New, monospace; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 25.7143px;">ignoreip = 127.0.0.1
bantime  = 240
findtime  = 240
maxretry = 10</span></span></pre>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">You can change as your need.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><b><u>Start Fail2ban service</u></b></span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">service fail2ban start

/etc/init.d/fail2ban start</span></span></pre>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><b><u> DDOS Deflate</u></b></span></span></div>
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><a href="http://deflate.medialayer.com/" style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">DoS Deflate</a><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"> is a lightweight bash shell script designed to assist in the process of blocking a denial of service attack. It utilizes the command below to create a list of IP addresses connected to the server, along with their total number of connections. It is one of the simplest and easiest to install solutions at the software level.</span><br /><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b>How To Install (D)DoS Deflate :-</b></span></span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">cd /tmp
wget http://www.inetbase.com/scripts/ddos/install.sh
chmod 0700 install.sh
./install.sh</span></span></pre>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><b>How To UnInstall (D)DoS Deflate :-</b></span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">wget http://www.inetbase.com/scripts/ddos/uninstall.ddos
chmod 0700 uninstall.ddos
./uninstall.ddos</span></span></pre>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">How To Edit Configuration File:-<br />you can set your email for email notification and many more option</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">vi /usr/local/ddos/ddos.conf</span></span></pre>
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, Courier New, monospace;"><span style="line-height: 25.7143px;">PROGDIR="/usr/local/ddos"
PROG="/usr/local/ddos/ddos.sh"
IGNORE_IP_LIST="/usr/local/ddos/ignore.ip.list"
CRON="/etc/cron.d/ddos.cron"
APF="/etc/apf/apf"
IPT="/sbin/iptables"

##### frequency in minutes for running the script
##### Caution: Every time this setting is changed, run the script with --cron
#####          option so that the new frequency takes effect
FREQ=1

##### How many connections define a bad IP? Indicate that below.
NO_OF_CONNECTIONS=5

##### APF_BAN=1 (Make sure your APF version is atleast 0.96)
##### APF_BAN=0 (Uses iptables for banning ips instead of APF)
APF_BAN=1

##### KILL=0 (Bad IPs are'nt banned, good for interactive execution of script)
##### KILL=1 (Recommended setting)
KILL=1

##### An email is sent to the following address when an IP is banned.
##### Blank would suppress sending of mails
EMAIL_TO="info@hackthesec.co.in"

##### Number of seconds the banned ip should remain in blacklist.
BAN_PERIOD=600</span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;">
</span></pre>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><b>How To Check The Number Of Connected Ips:-</b></span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">sh /usr/local/ddos/ddos.sh</span></span></pre>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><b>How To Restart DDos Deflate:-</b></span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">sh /usr/local/ddos/ddos.sh -c</span></span></pre>
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">www.hackthesec.co.in</a></span></span></pre>
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How to Secure a CentOS Server SSH + Fail2ban + DDOS Deflate

Secure a CentOS Server SSH + Fail2ban + DDOS Deflate Secure Shell (SSH) is a UNIX-based command interface and protocol for securely gettin...

How to Install Brackets (An Open Source Text/Code Editor) On Linux

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<span style="color: #990000; font-size: large;"><u>Brackets An Open Source Text/Code Editor By Adobe Developers</u></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Brackets is a free open-source editor written in HTML, CSS, and JavaScript with a primary focus on Web Development. It was created by Adobe Systems, licensed under the MIT License, and is currently maintained on GitHub. Brackets is available for cross-platform download on Mac, Windows, and Linux.</span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWs3c2fA3LEKo45MdDAaPokT6PGQ66gP-cqzS08pMtkDsRCCgIzL1_moB43Z_EXebfFDWTb2ANyMaJOkC-QpLGQlb7VB7iP7BIZUoGXyLvNqhq2DxbgqEalJcPJvDxdTD0_q2N2qCotXp1/s1600/brackets_editor_hackthesec.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWs3c2fA3LEKo45MdDAaPokT6PGQ66gP-cqzS08pMtkDsRCCgIzL1_moB43Z_EXebfFDWTb2ANyMaJOkC-QpLGQlb7VB7iP7BIZUoGXyLvNqhq2DxbgqEalJcPJvDxdTD0_q2N2qCotXp1/s1600/brackets_editor_hackthesec.gif" /></a></div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Features</u></b></span></span><br />
<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Quick Edit</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Quick Docs</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Live Preview</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">JSLint</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">LESS support</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Theseus integration</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Open source</span></li>
<li><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Extensibility</span></li>
</ul>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Download</u></b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><b><u><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"></span></u></b></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">The Adobe Brackets is available for both architectures 32bit and 64bit, it is cross platform as well available for Linux, Windows and Mac. There is 'Extract bundle' available too.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span>

<center>
<a href="https://github.com/adobe/brackets/releases" title="Download Adobe Brackets Deb Package"><button><span style="font-size: large;"><b>Download Adobe Brackets</b></span></button></a></center>
<b><u><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span>
</u></b><br />
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Dependency for 16.04 Xenial/15.10 Wily</u></b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">To install libgcrypt11 package for <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Ubuntu">Ubuntu</a> 16.04/15.10 (Press Ctrl+Alt+T) and copy the following command in the Terminal:</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>32bit</u></b></span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="font-size: large;"># wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libg/libgcrypt11/libgcrypt11_1.5.3-2ubuntu4_i386.deb
# sudo dpkg -i libgcrypt11_1.5.3-2ubuntu4_i386.deb</span></span><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="font-size: large;">
</span></span></span></pre>
<u><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "verdana" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b>64bit</b></span></u><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="font-size: large;"># wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libg/libgcrypt11/libgcrypt11_1.5.3-2ubuntu4_amd64.deb
# sudo dpkg -i libgcrypt11_1.5.3-2ubuntu4_amd64.deb</span></span></span></pre>
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;"><span style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 15.6px;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">www.hackthesec.co.in</a></span></span></pre>
</div>

How to Install Brackets (An Open Source Text/Code Editor) On Linux

Brackets An Open Source Text/Code Editor By Adobe Developers Brackets is a free open-source editor written in HTML, CSS, and JavaScript wi...

Backup Multiple MySQL Or MariaDB Databases Automatically

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<span style="color: #990000; font-size: large;"><u>Backup Multiple MySQL Or MariaDB Databases Automatically</u></span><br />
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Introduction</u></b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">In this write-up, we'll walk through how to backup multiple <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Mysql">MySQL</a> or <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/MariaDB">MariaDB </a>databases that sit on the same machine using a custom bash script and setting up a cron job.</span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgO88uCszO-9Zrw3ZVIW1PEmPD6ZihgWILMfBTJtMn1wiCRu8_yiGhcfqtsK2u4jg3I_p2HmYzPpKzF0_p3CEO2-100-5x3FQbKeW9vtauEeE-XP_v2W2rF8DJtchISn2kjVsTI1ZccTN8X/s1600/mariadb_backup_mysql_hackthesec.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgO88uCszO-9Zrw3ZVIW1PEmPD6ZihgWILMfBTJtMn1wiCRu8_yiGhcfqtsK2u4jg3I_p2HmYzPpKzF0_p3CEO2-100-5x3FQbKeW9vtauEeE-XP_v2W2rF8DJtchISn2kjVsTI1ZccTN8X/s1600/mariadb_backup_mysql_hackthesec.jpg" /></a></div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Database Backup(s)</u></b></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">We have three MySQL databases on our linux server named db-hackthesec-site, db-hackthesec-blog, db-hackthesec-app.</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Log on to your MySQL or MariaDB database and run below query to create a database user <b>db_user_backups</b> to handle backups</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">GRANT LOCK TABLES, SELECT ON *.*, SHOW VIEW ON *.*, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'db_user_backups'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '{COMPLEX-PASSWORD}';</span></span></pre>
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Also run below to make sure MySQL is configured to properly restore stored procedures</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">SET GLOBAL log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1;</span></span></pre>
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Setup the necessarily directory structure and files needed</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"># create backup directory with environment and log file
sudo mkdir /backups && cd /backups
sudo touch .env db-backup.sh db-backup.log
sudo chmod -R 775 /backups
sudo chmod -R g+s /backups
sudo chmod +x db-backup.sh

# add mysql backup user credentials into environment file
echo "export MYSQL_USER=db_user_backups" > /backups/.env
echo "export MYSQL_PASS={COMPLEX-PASSWORD}" >> /backups/.env</span></span></pre>
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Open db-backup.sh <b>nano /backups/db-backup.sh</b> and paste the code below inside it, then save the file (Ctrl+X -> Y -> hit Enter).</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">DB_NAMES=( 'db-hackthesec-site' 'db-</span></span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; line-height: 15.6px;">hackthesec</span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; line-height: 15.6px;">-blog' 'db-</span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; line-height: 15.6px;">hackthesec</span><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; line-height: 15.6px;">-app' ) #replace with your own database name(s)</span>
<span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">BKUP_NAMES=()
BKUP_DIR="/backups"

# get total number of directories
total_dbs=${#DB_NAMES[@]}

# create backup file names
for (( i=0; i<${total_dbs}; i++ )); do
    BKUP_NAMES[$i]="`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`-backup-$${DB_NAMES[$i]}.sql.gz"
done

# get backup users credentials
source $BKUP_DIR/.env

# create backups
for (( i=0; i<${total_dbs}; i++ )); do
    # NOTE: --routines flag makes sure stored procedures are also backed up
    mysqldump --routines -u ${MYSQL_USER} -p${MYSQL_PASS} | gzip > ${BKUP_DIR}/${BKUP_NAMES[$i]}
done</span></span></pre>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Cronjob Setup</u></b></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Setup a cronjob to run every midnight that runs the backup script and saves the result/output to backup log.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Open crontab</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">crontab -e</span></span></pre>
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Add below entry to crontab</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">0 0 * * * /usr/bin/env bash /backups/db-backup.sh &>> /backups/db-backup.log</span></span></pre>
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Note: While testing you can set cronjob to run every 1 minute instead like below</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">* * * * * /usr/bin/env bash /backups/db-backup.sh &>> /backups/db-backup.log</span></span></pre>
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">-OR- every 5 minutes (replace 5 with the number of minutes you want)</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">*/5 * * * * /usr/bin/env bash /backups/db-backup.sh &>> /backups/db-backup.log</span></span></pre>
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">www.hackthesec.co.in</a></span></span></pre>
</div>

Backup Multiple MySQL Or MariaDB Databases Automatically

Backup Multiple MySQL Or MariaDB Databases Automatically Introduction In this write-up, we'll walk through how to backup multiple MyS...

How to Install Plank Dock On Linux

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<b><u><span style="color: #990000; font-size: x-large;">Installing Plank Dock for Linux</span></u></b><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Plank is meant to be the simplest dock which can be extended to create other dock programs with more advanced features. Installing Plank on Ubuntu from Repository</span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitHqmWGEcPFLE-oAVOr-KgOkUFz-Ih3h_cBSJF8jgPiqRj4NAflK9O2J2VssYx6TeHlOyFwIjkn0hmtWNCUldvr9S2pbBPUOSgNrzZDcVIKxh11YutvytEZQCfgwMDxIRDHsxN0GG5IItq/s1600/plank_dock_hackthesec.co.in.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitHqmWGEcPFLE-oAVOr-KgOkUFz-Ih3h_cBSJF8jgPiqRj4NAflK9O2J2VssYx6TeHlOyFwIjkn0hmtWNCUldvr9S2pbBPUOSgNrzZDcVIKxh11YutvytEZQCfgwMDxIRDHsxN0GG5IItq/s1600/plank_dock_hackthesec.co.in.png" /></a></div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Installing Dependencies</u></b></span></span><br />
<br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 15.6px;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"># aptitude install automake gnome-common intltool \ 
pkg-config valac libbamf3-dev libdbusmenu-gtk3-dev \ 
libgdk-pixbuf2.0-dev libgee-dev libglib2.0-dev libgtk-3-dev \ 
libwnck-3-dev libx11-dev libgee-0.8-dev</span></span></pre>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Dependency Requirements Listed</u></b></span></span><br />
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, Courier New, monospace;"><span style="line-height: 25.7143px;">automake
gnome-common
intltool (>= 0.35) 
libtool 
pkg-config 
valac (>= 0.14.1) 
libbamf3-dev (>= 0.2.94) 
libdbusmenu-gtk3-dev (>= 0.6.2) (optional) 
libgdk-pixbuf2.0-dev (>= 2.26.0) 
libgee-dev (>= 0.5.2) 
libglib2.0-dev (>= 2.32.0) 
libgtk-3-dev (>= 3.0.0) 
libwnck-3-dev 
libx11-dev</span></span></pre>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Install to Debian from Source</u></b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Using Debian 8:</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"># cat /etc/*release</span></span></pre>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"><b>Output</b></span><br />
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, Courier New, monospace;"><span style="line-height: 25.7143px;">PRETTY_NAME="Debian GNU/Linux 8 (jessie)"
NAME="Debian GNU/Linux"
VERSION_ID="8"
VERSION="8 (jessie)"
ID=debian
HOME_URL="http://www.debian.org/"
SUPPORT_URL="http://www.debian.org/support/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.debian.org/"</span></span></pre>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Download and Install Plank</u></b></span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;"># wget https://launchpad.net/plank/1.0/0.11.1/+download/plank-0.11.1.tar.xz
# tar xvf plank-0.11.1.tar.xz
# cd plank-0.11.1
# ./configure  
# make;make install</span></pre>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Update shared libraries</u></b></span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"># ldconfig</span></span></pre>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Now just type:</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"># cp plank /usr/local/bin</span></span></pre>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Launch Plank</u></b></span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"># plank</span></span></pre>
<span style="color: #990000; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Alternative Install to Debian - Recommended</u></b></span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Add below to /etc/apt/sources.list</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">deb http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian stretch main</span></span></pre>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">SID Repository   </span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Add below to /etc/apt/sources.list</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;">deb http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian sid main</span></span></pre>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Update Packages List   </span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">After adding 1 of the above repositories we can now update the deb package list</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"># apt-get update</span></span></pre>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Install docky and Plank</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"># apt-get docky plank</span></span></pre>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Answer Yes to the screen prompt like below example to restart services.</span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVdOykqfmj5PPL4d_1r_shCyOk-vWWKOrQp6apLu5_KiM_WYBtnXSUDVO-9W5KJlS5O1xI6vRDbzRjLHN5lZPEeuvkPZxfPqcrnk9o0RJ7sQ4Bx9oAl4Sff-UCC9MuVGljo7lnO_5pc0ed/s1600/install-plank-configuring-libc6-amd64-restart-services_hackthesec.co.in.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVdOykqfmj5PPL4d_1r_shCyOk-vWWKOrQp6apLu5_KiM_WYBtnXSUDVO-9W5KJlS5O1xI6vRDbzRjLHN5lZPEeuvkPZxfPqcrnk9o0RJ7sQ4Bx9oAl4Sff-UCC9MuVGljo7lnO_5pc0ed/s1600/install-plank-configuring-libc6-amd64-restart-services_hackthesec.co.in.png" /></a></div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Type plank to start Plank</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"># plank</span></span></pre>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #990000; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><b><u>Adding Required Ubuntu / Mint Repository</u></b></span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"># add-apt-repository ppa:ricotz/docky</span></span></pre>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Update Repository</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"># apt-get update</span></span></pre>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Installing docky</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"># apt-get install docky plank</span></span></pre>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Removing packages, run following</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"># apt-get remove --purge docky plank</span></span></pre>
<span style="color: #990000; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Installing Plank with Ubuntu 15.10/16.04 Linux</u></b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #990000; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><b><u><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"></span></u></b></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Add ppa repository</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"># add-apt-repository ppa:docky-core/stable</span></span></pre>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Install plank</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: medium; line-height: 15.6px;"># apt-get update
# apt-get install plank docky
# plank</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; white-space: normal;">
</span></span></pre>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #990000; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><b><u>Installing plank on Fedora 23</u></b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Make sure you have <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/EPEL_Repo">EPEL</a> installed</span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"> </span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Installing plank with Fedora is quite simply, can be install with a single command. Update system.</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"># yum update -y</span></span></pre>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Install plank</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"># yum install plank docky</span></span></pre>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Configure plank</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"># plank --preferences</span></span></pre>
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 15.6px;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">www.hackthesec.co.in</a></span></span></pre>
</div>

How to Install Plank Dock On Linux

Installing Plank Dock for Linux Plank is meant to be the simplest dock which can be extended to create other dock programs with more advan...

Linux x64 - Bind Shell Shellcode Generator

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Linux x64 - Bind Shell Shellcode Generator</h1>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgufAiDKyu-W5i5FafJoqD_bAJ9eiUEK_Hqt_3SxlJ75ACGhlbHjDqsooVfwDztxOlQCoszRtC7s7SAR29UOuzp7MQs-V9STp347Akd6ACtRFyV4r-pLPtQlWokeNZFLCqrUXgPikb6WJf1/s1600/linux_exploit.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgufAiDKyu-W5i5FafJoqD_bAJ9eiUEK_Hqt_3SxlJ75ACGhlbHjDqsooVfwDztxOlQCoszRtC7s7SAR29UOuzp7MQs-V9STp347Akd6ACtRFyV4r-pLPtQlWokeNZFLCqrUXgPikb6WJf1/s320/linux_exploit.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<table class="exploit_list" style="background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239) !important; border-radius: 3px !important; border-spacing: 1px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 10px; padding: 1px !important; width: 564px;"><tbody style="box-sizing: border-box;">
<tr style="background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248) !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"></td><td style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"><br /></td><td style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"></td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248) !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"><table class="exploit_list" style="background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239) !important; border-radius: 3px !important; border-spacing: 1px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-size: 14px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 10px; padding: 1px !important; width: 564px;"><tbody style="box-sizing: border-box;">
<tr style="background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248) !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Author:</strong> Ajith Kp</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td><td style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"><br /></td><td style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"></td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248) !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Download Exploit:</strong> <a href="https://www.exploit-db.com/download/39728" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #337ab7; outline: 0px; text-decoration: none; transition-duration: 0.3s; transition-property: background-color, box-shadow, border, color, opacity;"><span class="fa fa-file-code-o" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; font-family: FontAwesome; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1; text-rendering: auto;"></span> Source</a> </td><td colspan="2" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

Linux x64 - Bind Shell Shellcode Generator

Linux x64 - Bind Shell Shellcode Generator Author: Ajith Kp Download Exploit: Source

Linux/x86_64 - bindshell (PORT: 5600) - 81 bytes Exploit

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Linux/x86_64 - bindshell (PORT: 5600) - 81 bytes</h1>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgufAiDKyu-W5i5FafJoqD_bAJ9eiUEK_Hqt_3SxlJ75ACGhlbHjDqsooVfwDztxOlQCoszRtC7s7SAR29UOuzp7MQs-V9STp347Akd6ACtRFyV4r-pLPtQlWokeNZFLCqrUXgPikb6WJf1/s1600/linux_exploit.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgufAiDKyu-W5i5FafJoqD_bAJ9eiUEK_Hqt_3SxlJ75ACGhlbHjDqsooVfwDztxOlQCoszRtC7s7SAR29UOuzp7MQs-V9STp347Akd6ACtRFyV4r-pLPtQlWokeNZFLCqrUXgPikb6WJf1/s320/linux_exploit.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<table class="exploit_list" style="background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239) !important; border-radius: 3px !important; border-spacing: 1px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 10px; padding: 1px !important; width: 564px;"><tbody style="box-sizing: border-box;">
<tr style="background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248) !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="background: rgb(225, 225, 225); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"></td><td style="background: rgb(225, 225, 225); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"><br /></td><td style="background: rgb(225, 225, 225); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"></td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248) !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"><table class="exploit_list" style="background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239) !important; border-radius: 3px !important; border-spacing: 1px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-size: 14px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 10px; padding: 1px !important; width: 564px;"><tbody style="box-sizing: border-box;">
<tr style="background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248) !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Author:</strong> Ajith Kp</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td><td style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"><br /></td><td style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"></td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248) !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Download Exploit:</strong> <a href="https://www.exploit-db.com/download/39684" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #337ab7; outline: 0px; text-decoration: none; transition-duration: 0.3s; transition-property: background-color, box-shadow, border, color, opacity;"><span class="fa fa-file-code-o" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; font-family: FontAwesome; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1; text-rendering: auto;"></span> Source</a> </td><td colspan="2" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

Linux/x86_64 - bindshell (PORT: 5600) - 81 bytes Exploit

Linux/x86_64 - bindshell (PORT: 5600) - 81 bytes Author: Ajith Kp Download Exploit: Source

Linux/x86_64 - Read /etc/passwd - 65 bytes Exploit

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<h1 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #555555; font-family: 'Noto Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 38px; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; text-align: center;">
Linux/x86_64 - Read /etc/passwd - 65 bytes</h1>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUrnkGuQZpO2yj5MKkIUfip7uMBTrjSHJrmO0fWitdIEfTZEymVfMF2hj9PHdEXxccHpM5KnnJtF5mbZzW9F5h_ioig4y7K1llOm0VU-APtI5LFKi_Rk6psRSPLmWrx2rz0Cl_P_SbshKx/s1600/linux_exploit.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUrnkGuQZpO2yj5MKkIUfip7uMBTrjSHJrmO0fWitdIEfTZEymVfMF2hj9PHdEXxccHpM5KnnJtF5mbZzW9F5h_ioig4y7K1llOm0VU-APtI5LFKi_Rk6psRSPLmWrx2rz0Cl_P_SbshKx/s320/linux_exploit.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<div>
<table class="exploit_list" style="background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239) !important; border-radius: 3px !important; border-spacing: 1px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 10px; padding: 1px !important; width: 564px;"><tbody style="box-sizing: border-box;">
<tr style="background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248) !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"><table class="exploit_list" style="background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239) !important; border-radius: 3px !important; border-spacing: 1px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221) !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-size: 14px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 10px; padding: 1px !important; width: 564px;"><tbody style="box-sizing: border-box;">
<tr style="background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248) !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Author:</strong> Ajith Kp</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td><td style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"><br /></td><td style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"></td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248) !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="background: rgb(225, 225, 225); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Download Exploit:</strong> <a href="https://www.exploit-db.com/download/39684" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #337ab7; outline: 0px; text-decoration: none; transition-duration: 0.3s; transition-property: background-color, box-shadow, border, color, opacity;"><span class="fa fa-file-code-o" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; font-family: FontAwesome; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1; text-rendering: auto;"></span> Source</a></td><td colspan="2" style="background: rgb(225, 225, 225); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
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<div>
<a href="http://hackthesec.co.in/">HackTheSec.co.in</a></div>
</div>

Linux/x86_64 - Read /etc/passwd - 65 bytes Exploit

Linux/x86_64 - Read /etc/passwd - 65 bytes Author: Ajith Kp Download Exploit: Source HackTheSec.co.in

How to Upgrade Ubuntu 15.10 to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

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<h1 class="title single-title title20" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-size: 28px; line-height: 38px; margin: 0px 0px 5px; opacity: 1; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: opacity 0.24s ease-in-out; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible;">
<u><span style="color: #990000;">How to Upgrade Ubuntu 15.10 to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS</span></u></h1>
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<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;">
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b>Introduction</b></span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;">
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">These release notes for <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Ubuntu" style="color: #999999; text-decoration: none;">Ubuntu</a> 16.04 LTS (Xenial Xerus) provide an overview of the release and document the known issues with Ubuntu 16.04 LTS and its flavours.</span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1cTeFaXNAwBJcrNzTxEQv4zd8xtN9MuFWBJnZrpErwD9_KilAuuDOQF7ovq_Pl-IajvwQBZGf0hAsThReLS-QifMOWHJMObod0SS7qirwC_-D0LFEMf2nx478MRLZ6lKgT81sdP0FjpZn/s1600/ubuntu-16.04_www.hackthesec.co.in.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1cTeFaXNAwBJcrNzTxEQv4zd8xtN9MuFWBJnZrpErwD9_KilAuuDOQF7ovq_Pl-IajvwQBZGf0hAsThReLS-QifMOWHJMObod0SS7qirwC_-D0LFEMf2nx478MRLZ6lKgT81sdP0FjpZn/s1600/ubuntu-16.04_www.hackthesec.co.in.png" /></a></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;">
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b>Support lifespan</b></span></span></div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;">
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Ubuntu 16.04 LTS will be supported for 5 years for Ubuntu Desktop, Ubuntu Server, Ubuntu Core, and Ubuntu Kylin. All other flavours will be supported for 3 years.</span></span></div>
<div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;">
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Upgrade to Ubuntu 16.04</u></b></span></span></div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;">
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: medium;">$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get upgrade</span></pre>
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<div style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;">
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Now install the update-manager-core package on your system.</span></span></div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;">
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: medium;">$ sudo apt-get install update-manager-core</span></pre>
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<div style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;">
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Now edit <b>/etc/update-manager/release-upgrades</b> file and make sure Prompt value is set to lts like below.</span></span></div>
<div>
<div>
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, Courier New, monospace;"><span style="line-height: 25.7143px;">Prompt=normal</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;">
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Finally execute below command to upgrade your Ubuntu 14.04 LTS system to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS system.</span></span></div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;">
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: medium;">$ sudo do-release-upgrade</span></pre>
</div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;">
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Verify Upgrade</u></b></span></span></div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 19.2px;">
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: medium;">$ lsb_release -a

No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
Release:        16.04
Codename:       xenial</span></pre>
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">www.hackthesec.co.in</a></span></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>

How to Upgrade Ubuntu 15.10 to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

How to Upgrade Ubuntu 15.10 to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS Introduction These release notes for Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial Xerus) provide an ove...

How to Upgrade Ubuntu 14.04 LTS to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h1 class="title single-title title20" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-size: 28px; line-height: 38px; margin: 0px 0px 5px; opacity: 1; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: opacity 0.24s ease-in-out; vertical-align: baseline; visibility: visible;">
<u><span style="color: #990000;">Upgrade Ubuntu 14.04 LTS to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS</span></u></h1>
<div>
<div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b>Introduction</b></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">These release notes for <a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/search/label/Ubuntu">Ubuntu</a> 16.04 LTS (Xenial Xerus) provide an overview of the release and document the known issues with Ubuntu 16.04 LTS and its flavours.</span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1cTeFaXNAwBJcrNzTxEQv4zd8xtN9MuFWBJnZrpErwD9_KilAuuDOQF7ovq_Pl-IajvwQBZGf0hAsThReLS-QifMOWHJMObod0SS7qirwC_-D0LFEMf2nx478MRLZ6lKgT81sdP0FjpZn/s1600/ubuntu-16.04_www.hackthesec.co.in.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1cTeFaXNAwBJcrNzTxEQv4zd8xtN9MuFWBJnZrpErwD9_KilAuuDOQF7ovq_Pl-IajvwQBZGf0hAsThReLS-QifMOWHJMObod0SS7qirwC_-D0LFEMf2nx478MRLZ6lKgT81sdP0FjpZn/s1600/ubuntu-16.04_www.hackthesec.co.in.png" /></a></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b>Support lifespan</b></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Ubuntu 16.04 LTS will be supported for 5 years for Ubuntu Desktop, Ubuntu Server, Ubuntu Core, and Ubuntu Kylin. All other flavours will be supported for 3 years.</span></span></div>
</div>
<div>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Upgrade to Ubuntu 16.04</u></b></span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;">$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get upgrade</span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Now install the update-manager-core package on your system.</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;">$ sudo apt-get install update-manager-core</span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Now edit <b>/etc/update-manager/release-upgrades</b> file and make sure Prompt value is set to lts like below.</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, Courier New, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 25.7143px;">Prompt=lts</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Finally execute below command to upgrade your Ubuntu 14.04 LTS system to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS system.</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;">$ sudo do-release-upgrade -d</span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Verify Upgrade</u></b></span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;">$ lsb_release -a

No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
Release:        16.04
Codename:       xenial</span></pre>
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">www.hackthesec.co.in</a></span></pre>
</div>
</div>

How to Upgrade Ubuntu 14.04 LTS to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

Upgrade Ubuntu 14.04 LTS to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS Introduction These release notes for Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial Xerus) provide an overvie...

How To Install Apache MySQL PHP (LAMP Stack) on Ubuntu 16.04

PHP 7.0.4-7ubuntu2 (cli) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2016 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.0.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2016 Zend Technologies
    with Zend OPcache v7.0.6-dev, Copyright (c) 1999-2016, by Zend Technologies</span></pre>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Step 2: – Install Apache2</u></b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Installation of Apache2 in your system. Also required to install <b>libapache2-mod-php</b> module to work PHP with Apache2.</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;">$ sudo apt install apache2 libapache2-mod-php</span></pre>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Step 3: – Install MySQL</u></b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><b><u><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"></span></u></b></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Install mysql-server packages for MySQL database and install php-mysql package to use MySQL support using php.</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;">$ sudo apt install mysql-server php-mysql</span></pre>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Installer will prompt for root password, This password will work for your MySQL root user. After installing MySQL execute following command for initial settings of MySQL server. You will she that script will prompt about more settings than earlier mysql versions like password validation policy etc.</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;">$ sudo mysql_secure_installation</span></pre>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Step 4: – Restart Apache2, MySQL Services</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">After installing all services on your system, start all required services.</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;">$ sudo systemctl restart apache2.service
$ sudo systemctl restart mysql.service</span></pre>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Step 5: – Open Access in Firewall</u></b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">If you are using <b>iptables</b>, Use following commands to open port 80 for public access of webserver.</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;">$ sudo iptables -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT</span></pre>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">And For </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b>UFW </b>follow the bellow command</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;">$ sudo ufw allow 80/tcp</span></pre>
<span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Step 6: – Test Setup</u></b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">After completing all setup. Let's create a <b>info.php</b> file website document root with following content.</span></span><br />
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;"><?php
 phpinfo();
?></span></pre>
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://www.hackthesec.co.in/">www.hackthesec.co.in</a></pre>
</div>

How To Install Apache MySQL PHP (LAMP Stack) on Ubuntu 16.04

Install Apache MySQL PHP (LAMP Stack) on Ubuntu 16.04 LAMP (Linux, Apache , MySQL and PHP ) Stack is the most popular environment in PH...

How To Install Nginx MySQL PHP (LEMP Stack) on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

PHP 7.0.4-7ubuntu2 (cli) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2016 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.0.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2016 Zend Technologies
    with Zend OPcache v7.0.6-dev, Copyright (c) 1999-2016, by Zend Technologies</pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><div>
<b><u><span style="color: #0b5394;">Step 2 – Install NGINX</span></u></b></div>
<div style="color: #333333;">
Use the following commands to install Nginx web server on your Ubuntu 16.04 LTS server.</div>
</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;">$ sudo apt install nginx</span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white;"><div>
<b style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><u><span style="color: #0b5394;">Step 3 : </span></u></b><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Install MySQL</u></b></span></span></div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">
Install mysql-server packages for MySQL database and install php-mysql package to use MySQL support using php. </div>
<div style="color: #333333; line-height: 26px;">
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;">$ sudo apt install mysql-server php-mysql</span></pre>
</div>
</span></div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Installer will prompt for root password, This password will work for your MySQL root user. After installing MySQL execute following command for initial settings of MySQL server. You will she that script will prompt about more settings than earlier mysql versions like password validation policy etc.</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;">$ sudo mysql_secure_installation</span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white;"><div>
<b style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><u><span style="color: #0b5394;">Step 4 : </span></u></b><span style="color: #0b5394; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b><u>Configure PHP-FPM</u></b></span></span></div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">
PHP-FPM (FastCGI Process Manager) is an alternative PHP FastCGI implementation with some additional features.</div>
<div style="color: #333333; line-height: 26px;">
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;">$ sudo nano /etc/php/7.0/fpm/php.ini</span></pre>
</div>
</span></div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><b>un-comment cgi.fix_pathinfo=1 line and set value to 0.</b></span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, Courier New, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 25.7143px;">cgi.fix_pathinfo=0</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Now set the listen parameter in /etc/php/7.0/fpm/pool.d/www.conf configuration file. Here you can use php5-fpm socket to work or start php5-fpm server on any port as service. We are going to use it as service.</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;">$ sudo nano /etc/php/7.0/fpm/pool.d/www.conf</span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Now make changes in configuration file as below. Commend listen with socket file and enable it as service</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, Courier New, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 25.7143px;">; listen = /run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><div>
<b><u><span style="color: #0b5394;">Step 5 — Configure Nginx VirtualHost</span></u></b></div>
<div style="color: #333333;">
Configuration of Nginx virtualhost. For this example we are editing default configuration file.</div>
</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, Courier New, monospace; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 25.7143px;">server {
        listen   80;

root /var/www;
        index index.php index.html index.htm;
        server_name  example.com www.example.com;

location / {
                try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
        }

error_page 404 /404.html;
        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
              root /usr/share/nginx/www;
        }

location ~ .php$ {
                try_files $uri =404;
                fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
                fastcgi_index index.php;
                fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
                include fastcgi_params;
        }
}</span></span></pre>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">You have to do the same changes in all VirtualHosts configured.</span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><div>
<b><u><span style="color: #0b5394;">Step 6 – Restart Services</span></u></b></div>
<div style="color: #333333;">
After installing all services on your system, start all required services.</div>
</span></span></div>
<div>
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;">$ sudo systemctl restart nginx.service
$ sudo systemctl restart php7.0-fpm.service</span></pre>
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<span style="background-color: white; line-height: 26px;"><div style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">
<b><u><span style="color: #0b5394;">Step 7 – Open Access in Firewall</span></u></b></div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">
If you are using iptables, Use following commands to open port 80 for public access of webserver.</div>
<div style="color: #333333;">
<pre style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: #3c3c3c; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: initial; border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;">$ sudo iptables -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT</span></pre>
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</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;">Or If you are Using </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px;"><b>UFW </b>then command bellow.</span></span></div>
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<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;">$ sudo ufw allow 80/tcp</span></pre>
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<span style="background-color: white; line-height: 26px;"><span style="font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;"><div>
<b><u><span style="color: #0b5394;">Step 8 – Test Setup</span></u></b></div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-size: 15px;">
After completing all setup. Let's create a <b>info.php</b> file website document root with following content.</div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-size: 15px;">
<pre style="background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(60, 60, 60); border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><?php
 phpinfo();
?></pre>
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</span></span></div>
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